©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
nurs 405a exam 2 Study Guide Solutions
what is the purpose of iv therapy - ANSWER✔✔-Replace Fluid & Electrolyte, give meds and blood
products
does the needle stay in the patients veins when they get an iv - ANSWER✔✔-no
what is osmosis - ANSWER✔✔-Water moves across membrane from lesser concentration of solutes to
greater concentration
What is osmolarity? - ANSWER✔✔-Concentration of solutes in fluid
what are the different types of osmolarity - ANSWER✔✔-isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
what does a isotonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-the same as plasma
what does a hypotonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-less then the plasma
what does a hypertonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-greater then the plasma
what are the two fluids that make up total body fluid - ANSWER✔✔-intra-cellular fluid and extra-cellular
fluid
Page 1/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what falls underneath the extra cellular fluid category - ANSWER✔✔-vascular and interstitial
what is an example of a isotonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) and
lactated ringers
what is an example of a hypotonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-0.45% NaCl (1/2 normal saline)
what does a hypotonic solution do - ANSWER✔✔-causes cells to swell (rehydrates the cell)
what patient should we avoid giving hypotonic solutions to - ANSWER✔✔-neuro patients
what is an example of a hypertonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-D5/0.9% Sodium Chloride (5% dextrose with
Normal Saline) or 3% sodium chloride
what is the use for a hypertonic solution (3% sodium chloride) - ANSWER✔✔-Corrects hyponatremia,
Pulls fluid into vascular space,
HIGH ALERT FLUID
what should we ensure before administering iv push medication - ANSWER✔✔-patency of catheter
true or false we should flush pre and post med administration - ANSWER✔✔-true (agency policy)
what is does rind mean for iv medications - ANSWER✔✔-Rate to administer over
Incompatibility (Y-site compatibility)
Page 2/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Normal dosage
Dilution
What are the 6 rights of medication administration? - ANSWER✔✔-Right patient,
medication, dose
time, route, and documentation
what is a complication of iv therapy with when giving hypertonic and isotonic solutions - ANSWER✔✔-
fluid overload
what are some other complications of iv therapy - ANSWER✔✔-air embolism, line sepsis, infiltration,
extravasation, phlebitis, and thrombophlebitis
what is an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-When a large air bubble blocks blood flow from the right
ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
what can cause an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-air in the iv line
what is phlebitis - ANSWER✔✔-inflammation of a vein
What is extravasation? - ANSWER✔✔-leakage of agents into tissues around IV site.
What is thrombophlebitis? - ANSWER✔✔-Inflammation of a vein with formation of a clot
Page 3/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what patients are at highest risk for fluid volume overload - ANSWER✔✔-pt receiving hypertonic
solutions
How would you assess for this complication of fluid volume overload? - ANSWER✔✔-check and listen for
Crackles, edema, effort of breathing
what would we do if the patient is going into fluid volume overload due to receiving a hypertonic
solution - ANSWER✔✔-stop the infusion, then possibly give a diuretic
how do we prevent air embolisms - ANSWER✔✔-Prime tubing,
Air detection in IV pumps, and Maintain intact ports
what are some s/s of an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-Dyspnea, hypotension, cyanosis, change in LOC, JVD
(jugular vein distention)
what are some interventions that can be done for an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-Immediately clamp
line, then place pt on Left side in Trendelenburg position, give o2
What is the left side Trendelenburg position? - ANSWER✔✔-head of bed is lower then the foot of the
bed
what is the goal when putting the pt in the left trendelenburg position - ANSWER✔✔-prevent the air
from getting to the Right side of the heart
Page 4/43
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
nurs 405a exam 2 Study Guide Solutions
what is the purpose of iv therapy - ANSWER✔✔-Replace Fluid & Electrolyte, give meds and blood
products
does the needle stay in the patients veins when they get an iv - ANSWER✔✔-no
what is osmosis - ANSWER✔✔-Water moves across membrane from lesser concentration of solutes to
greater concentration
What is osmolarity? - ANSWER✔✔-Concentration of solutes in fluid
what are the different types of osmolarity - ANSWER✔✔-isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
what does a isotonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-the same as plasma
what does a hypotonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-less then the plasma
what does a hypertonic solute concentration equal - ANSWER✔✔-greater then the plasma
what are the two fluids that make up total body fluid - ANSWER✔✔-intra-cellular fluid and extra-cellular
fluid
Page 1/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what falls underneath the extra cellular fluid category - ANSWER✔✔-vascular and interstitial
what is an example of a isotonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) and
lactated ringers
what is an example of a hypotonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-0.45% NaCl (1/2 normal saline)
what does a hypotonic solution do - ANSWER✔✔-causes cells to swell (rehydrates the cell)
what patient should we avoid giving hypotonic solutions to - ANSWER✔✔-neuro patients
what is an example of a hypertonic solution - ANSWER✔✔-D5/0.9% Sodium Chloride (5% dextrose with
Normal Saline) or 3% sodium chloride
what is the use for a hypertonic solution (3% sodium chloride) - ANSWER✔✔-Corrects hyponatremia,
Pulls fluid into vascular space,
HIGH ALERT FLUID
what should we ensure before administering iv push medication - ANSWER✔✔-patency of catheter
true or false we should flush pre and post med administration - ANSWER✔✔-true (agency policy)
what is does rind mean for iv medications - ANSWER✔✔-Rate to administer over
Incompatibility (Y-site compatibility)
Page 2/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Normal dosage
Dilution
What are the 6 rights of medication administration? - ANSWER✔✔-Right patient,
medication, dose
time, route, and documentation
what is a complication of iv therapy with when giving hypertonic and isotonic solutions - ANSWER✔✔-
fluid overload
what are some other complications of iv therapy - ANSWER✔✔-air embolism, line sepsis, infiltration,
extravasation, phlebitis, and thrombophlebitis
what is an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-When a large air bubble blocks blood flow from the right
ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
what can cause an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-air in the iv line
what is phlebitis - ANSWER✔✔-inflammation of a vein
What is extravasation? - ANSWER✔✔-leakage of agents into tissues around IV site.
What is thrombophlebitis? - ANSWER✔✔-Inflammation of a vein with formation of a clot
Page 3/43
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
what patients are at highest risk for fluid volume overload - ANSWER✔✔-pt receiving hypertonic
solutions
How would you assess for this complication of fluid volume overload? - ANSWER✔✔-check and listen for
Crackles, edema, effort of breathing
what would we do if the patient is going into fluid volume overload due to receiving a hypertonic
solution - ANSWER✔✔-stop the infusion, then possibly give a diuretic
how do we prevent air embolisms - ANSWER✔✔-Prime tubing,
Air detection in IV pumps, and Maintain intact ports
what are some s/s of an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-Dyspnea, hypotension, cyanosis, change in LOC, JVD
(jugular vein distention)
what are some interventions that can be done for an air embolism - ANSWER✔✔-Immediately clamp
line, then place pt on Left side in Trendelenburg position, give o2
What is the left side Trendelenburg position? - ANSWER✔✔-head of bed is lower then the foot of the
bed
what is the goal when putting the pt in the left trendelenburg position - ANSWER✔✔-prevent the air
from getting to the Right side of the heart
Page 4/43
