NUR 2392 MDC II Exam 1 Study Concepts
1. What is the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in active transport?
Answer
As the primary energy currency of cells. In active transport, ATP powers transport proteins (such
as pumps and transporters), allowing them to move ions or molecules across across cell
membranes against their concentration gradient.
This process requires energy, which is supplied by the breakdown of ATP into adenosine
diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
2. What is the sodium-potassium pump?
Answer
Powered by ATP, the pump moves sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions, each
against its concentration gradient.
3. What is the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Answer
Hormone regu- lation of blood pressure and fluid volume.
4. What triggers the secretion of renin?
Answer
Decrease in blood pressure, blood volume, low sodium, and low blood oxygenation.
5. What is the function of angiotensin II?
, Answer
Vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure
6. What does aldosterone do?
Answer
In response to decreased blood pressure, the the adrenal cortex secretes this hormone resulting
in Increases sodium and water reabsorption by the kidney, increasing vascular volume and
blood pressure.
7. What is the role of antidiuretic hormone?
Answer
Released by the posterior pituitary gland, its job is to regulates water excretion by the kidneys.
The amount of hormone released is dependent on the blood volume or concentration of water in the
blood.
8. What controls the concentration of electrolytes?
Answer
Hormones excreted by the kidneys and adrenal glands.
9. What is the function of sodium?
Answer
Acid-base balance Nerve impulses
10. What is the normal range for sodium?
1. What is the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in active transport?
Answer
As the primary energy currency of cells. In active transport, ATP powers transport proteins (such
as pumps and transporters), allowing them to move ions or molecules across across cell
membranes against their concentration gradient.
This process requires energy, which is supplied by the breakdown of ATP into adenosine
diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
2. What is the sodium-potassium pump?
Answer
Powered by ATP, the pump moves sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions, each
against its concentration gradient.
3. What is the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Answer
Hormone regu- lation of blood pressure and fluid volume.
4. What triggers the secretion of renin?
Answer
Decrease in blood pressure, blood volume, low sodium, and low blood oxygenation.
5. What is the function of angiotensin II?
, Answer
Vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure
6. What does aldosterone do?
Answer
In response to decreased blood pressure, the the adrenal cortex secretes this hormone resulting
in Increases sodium and water reabsorption by the kidney, increasing vascular volume and
blood pressure.
7. What is the role of antidiuretic hormone?
Answer
Released by the posterior pituitary gland, its job is to regulates water excretion by the kidneys.
The amount of hormone released is dependent on the blood volume or concentration of water in the
blood.
8. What controls the concentration of electrolytes?
Answer
Hormones excreted by the kidneys and adrenal glands.
9. What is the function of sodium?
Answer
Acid-base balance Nerve impulses
10. What is the normal range for sodium?
