Computer Science GCSE - OCR Paper 1
What makes a computer a computer? - ANS Input - Process/Storage - Output
Diagram of Von Neumann Architecture - ANS
What does HTML stand for? - ANS Hypertext Markup Language
What is the CPU made up of? - ANS Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Cache
Registers
What does the CU do? - ANS Tells everything else what to do
What does the ALU do? - ANS It carries out all the arithmetic and logical operations such as addition.
subtraction and logical operations
What is cache? - ANS Very Small, Very fast memory for frequently used info near the CPU
What registers are there? - ANS Accumulator (Acc)
Program Counter (PC)
Memory address register (MAR)
Memory Data Register (MDR)
What does the accumulator do? - ANS Stores intermediate results of calculations in the ALU
,What does the program counter do? - ANS Holds the memory address of the instruction for each cycle
What does the memory address register do? - ANS Holds any memory address about to be used by the
CPU
What does the memory data register do? - ANS Temporarily stores the data that has just been read from
or the data needs to be written.
What does the CPU do? - ANS processes data (fetch -> decode -> execute -> repeat)
CPU fetches next instruction from RAM, decodes it can carries it out
What is the speed of a CPU measured in - ANS Hz (or more commonly GHz)
What are the main factors effecting the speed of the CPU? - ANS - Size of the Cache
- Number of cores (programs have to be written to make use of the cores)
- The clock speed. Overclocking can be done by increasing the voltage going to the CPU
What is the purpose of an embedded system - ANS to control the device and to allow a user to interact
with it
Examples of Embedded Systems - ANS Microwave Ovens
Washer-dryers
Car dashboards
Calculators
Sat-Navs
, Digital Cameras
List the three types of storage - ANS Primary storage
Secondary Storage
Tertiary Storage
Give examples of Primary Storage - ANS RAM
ROM
Register
Cache
Give examples of Secondary Storage and what might be stored on it - ANS HDD/SSD
The OS
Programs
Data
What might tertiary Storage be for - ANS backups/archives of large amounts of data
Features of Primary Storage - ANS - ROM is read-only
- All others are volatile
- Relatively small capacity compared to secondary (GBs)
- Very Fast Access time
Features of Secondary Storage - ANS - Non-Volatile
- Much Larger Capacity (TBs)
What makes a computer a computer? - ANS Input - Process/Storage - Output
Diagram of Von Neumann Architecture - ANS
What does HTML stand for? - ANS Hypertext Markup Language
What is the CPU made up of? - ANS Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Cache
Registers
What does the CU do? - ANS Tells everything else what to do
What does the ALU do? - ANS It carries out all the arithmetic and logical operations such as addition.
subtraction and logical operations
What is cache? - ANS Very Small, Very fast memory for frequently used info near the CPU
What registers are there? - ANS Accumulator (Acc)
Program Counter (PC)
Memory address register (MAR)
Memory Data Register (MDR)
What does the accumulator do? - ANS Stores intermediate results of calculations in the ALU
,What does the program counter do? - ANS Holds the memory address of the instruction for each cycle
What does the memory address register do? - ANS Holds any memory address about to be used by the
CPU
What does the memory data register do? - ANS Temporarily stores the data that has just been read from
or the data needs to be written.
What does the CPU do? - ANS processes data (fetch -> decode -> execute -> repeat)
CPU fetches next instruction from RAM, decodes it can carries it out
What is the speed of a CPU measured in - ANS Hz (or more commonly GHz)
What are the main factors effecting the speed of the CPU? - ANS - Size of the Cache
- Number of cores (programs have to be written to make use of the cores)
- The clock speed. Overclocking can be done by increasing the voltage going to the CPU
What is the purpose of an embedded system - ANS to control the device and to allow a user to interact
with it
Examples of Embedded Systems - ANS Microwave Ovens
Washer-dryers
Car dashboards
Calculators
Sat-Navs
, Digital Cameras
List the three types of storage - ANS Primary storage
Secondary Storage
Tertiary Storage
Give examples of Primary Storage - ANS RAM
ROM
Register
Cache
Give examples of Secondary Storage and what might be stored on it - ANS HDD/SSD
The OS
Programs
Data
What might tertiary Storage be for - ANS backups/archives of large amounts of data
Features of Primary Storage - ANS - ROM is read-only
- All others are volatile
- Relatively small capacity compared to secondary (GBs)
- Very Fast Access time
Features of Secondary Storage - ANS - Non-Volatile
- Much Larger Capacity (TBs)
