2024 AQA AS BIOLOGY CELL
STRUCTURE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Give one advantage of using a SEM rather than a TEM - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCan produce 3D images
Thin sections do not need to be prepared
Give one advantage of using a TEM rather than an SEM - CORRECT-
ANSWERSTEM has a higher resolution
Name 2 structures in an epithelial cell from the small intestine that are not
present in a cholera bacterium - CORRECT-ANSWERSNucleus
Mitochondria
State in which process ribosomes are important. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSProtein synthesis
List three carbohydrates that are absorbed by an epithelial cell of the small
intestine. - CORRECT-ANSWERSGlucose, fructose, galactose
State the organelle that possesses cristae - CORRECT-ANSWERSMitochondria
State the organelle that contains chromatin. - CORRECT-ANSWERSNucleus
State the organelle that synthesises glycoproteins. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSGolgi apparatus
State the organelle that digests worn out organelles. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLysosome
Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in a
sperm cell. - CORRECT-ANSWERSMitochondria, nucleus
Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in one
type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests foreign material. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSGolgi apparatus, lysosomes
, Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in liver
cells that manufacture proteins and lipids at a rapid rate. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRough ER, ribosomes, mitochondria, smooth ER
Explain what is meant by a tissue. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA collection of
similar cells aggregated together to perform a specific function.
Explain why an artery is describes as an organ whereas a blood capillary is
not. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAn artery is made up of more than one tissue
whereas a blood capillary is made up of only one tissue.
It would be possible to kill more cancer cells if the same dose of the drug was
given more frequently.
Suggest why the drug was not given more frequently. - CORRECT-ANSWERSIf
the frequency was increased the healthy body cells would not have time to
increase their numbers to near normal again between treatments. Their
numbers would decline rapidly after a few treatments and possibly kill the
patient.
It would be possible to kill more cancer cells if a larger dose of the drug was
used each time.
Suggest why the dose of the drug was not increased. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe increased dose would kill even more healthy cells each time
and again their numbers would decline rapidly after a few treatments.
List the three main stages of the cell cycle. - CORRECT-ANSWERSInterphase,
nuclear division, cell division
Suggest an advantage and a disadvantage of having offspring that are
genetically identical to their parents. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAdvantage- The
genetic makeup of the parent has enabled it to survive and reproduce, so
offspring will be able to too.
Disadvantage- Genetic variety is limited- may fail to adapt to new conditions
and become extinct.
What is a plant cell wall made of?
What is a fungal cell wall made of? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCellulose
Chitin
What are the functions of a plant cell vacuole? - CORRECT-ANSWERSHelps
maintain pressure inside the cell
Keeps cell rigid
Isolates unwanted chemicals inside the cell
STRUCTURE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Give one advantage of using a SEM rather than a TEM - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCan produce 3D images
Thin sections do not need to be prepared
Give one advantage of using a TEM rather than an SEM - CORRECT-
ANSWERSTEM has a higher resolution
Name 2 structures in an epithelial cell from the small intestine that are not
present in a cholera bacterium - CORRECT-ANSWERSNucleus
Mitochondria
State in which process ribosomes are important. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSProtein synthesis
List three carbohydrates that are absorbed by an epithelial cell of the small
intestine. - CORRECT-ANSWERSGlucose, fructose, galactose
State the organelle that possesses cristae - CORRECT-ANSWERSMitochondria
State the organelle that contains chromatin. - CORRECT-ANSWERSNucleus
State the organelle that synthesises glycoproteins. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSGolgi apparatus
State the organelle that digests worn out organelles. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLysosome
Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in a
sperm cell. - CORRECT-ANSWERSMitochondria, nucleus
Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in one
type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests foreign material. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSGolgi apparatus, lysosomes
, Suggest 2 organelles that might be numerous and/or well developed in liver
cells that manufacture proteins and lipids at a rapid rate. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSRough ER, ribosomes, mitochondria, smooth ER
Explain what is meant by a tissue. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA collection of
similar cells aggregated together to perform a specific function.
Explain why an artery is describes as an organ whereas a blood capillary is
not. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAn artery is made up of more than one tissue
whereas a blood capillary is made up of only one tissue.
It would be possible to kill more cancer cells if the same dose of the drug was
given more frequently.
Suggest why the drug was not given more frequently. - CORRECT-ANSWERSIf
the frequency was increased the healthy body cells would not have time to
increase their numbers to near normal again between treatments. Their
numbers would decline rapidly after a few treatments and possibly kill the
patient.
It would be possible to kill more cancer cells if a larger dose of the drug was
used each time.
Suggest why the dose of the drug was not increased. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe increased dose would kill even more healthy cells each time
and again their numbers would decline rapidly after a few treatments.
List the three main stages of the cell cycle. - CORRECT-ANSWERSInterphase,
nuclear division, cell division
Suggest an advantage and a disadvantage of having offspring that are
genetically identical to their parents. - CORRECT-ANSWERSAdvantage- The
genetic makeup of the parent has enabled it to survive and reproduce, so
offspring will be able to too.
Disadvantage- Genetic variety is limited- may fail to adapt to new conditions
and become extinct.
What is a plant cell wall made of?
What is a fungal cell wall made of? - CORRECT-ANSWERSCellulose
Chitin
What are the functions of a plant cell vacuole? - CORRECT-ANSWERSHelps
maintain pressure inside the cell
Keeps cell rigid
Isolates unwanted chemicals inside the cell
