10/16/24, 2:25 Exam 3 Focus Points - exam 3
PM review
Exam 3 Focus Points
75 questions (15 Dosage calc)
1. Cancer patients: Pacing activities throughout the day conserves energy, and nursing care should be paced
as well. Fatigue, no cluster care it will make them tired
-allow patient to rest – spread care throughout the day -prioritize each episode of care -honor their sleep
schedules as much as possible / priotirization and admin. Of nursing care throughout the day
2. Immunosuppressant therapy is initiated to inhibit optimal immune response. This is necessary in the case of
transplantation, because the normal immune response would cause the body to recognize the new tissue
as foreign and attack it.
-immunosuppressants help prevent the body from rejecting the new organ
3. The clinical features of sickle cell anemia are primarily the result of increased/faster red blood cell
destruction and obstruction caused by the sickle-shaped red blood cells.
- Increase in destruction of red blood cells, decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood, increase in the
viscosity of the blood
4. Can stressful events cause a sickle cell crisis? How and why?
a. Yes, stress can cause decrease blood flow Vasoconstriction, body requires more oxygen, how do
we manage when in a crisis-fluids, pain med, try to avoid stressful situations
5. Cigarettes are considered a gateway drug. Teenagers who smoke are 11.4 times more likely to use an illicit drug.
-smoking is a gateway to trying other substances
fl. The vaccine used for measles, mumps, and rubella is a live virus and can result in an overwhelming infection.-
immunosuppressed. Tetanus vaccine, inactivated poliovirus vaccine, and DPT are not live virus vaccines. Be
cautious with live viruses and cancer patients. -MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) live viruses can cause an
infection
7. Behaviors consistent with a patient becoming increasingly aggression. Crying and withdrawn affect are not
cited by experts as behaviors indicating the individual has a high potential to behave violently. (SATA)
-pacing, rigid posture while clinching jaw, - narrowed eye while starring at a person, - restlessness
8. Clenched fist, pinched facial features, reddened facial features, yelling, fidgeting, pacing, narrowed eyes
when someone looks at you, no crying /withdrawn for aggression
9. Tolerance refers to needing higher and higher doses of a drug to produce the desired effect.
-his tolerance for alcohol has gone up over the years, over time increase of what they are taking
10. Leukemia is a group of malignant disorders of the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. It is defined as
an unrestricted proliferation of immature WBCs in the blood-forming tissues of the body. defined as an
unrestricted proliferation of immature WBCs in the blood-forming tissues of the
body -uncontrolled production of immature white blood cells (WBcs)
about:blan 1/
k 7
, 10/16/24, 2:25 Exam 3 Focus Points - exam 3
PM review
11. Who is at risk for contracting tuberculosis? (SATA) travelers, people with a positive HIV status, prisoners,
people who live in dormitories
a. Immunocompromised, Homeless, Healthcare workers, Prison workers, nursing homes, long term
care facilities
12. Know the different types of hypersensitivity reactions and examples of each. (SATA) d
a. 5 types learn the 5 different types- what they are and an example of each
Type I – Examples include hay fever and anaphylaxis
Type II- blood transfusion penicillin
Type III – Immune complex deposits in blood vessel walls serum sickness
a. Type IV – Examples are poison ivy and transplant rejection
b. Type v- graves disease & myasthenia gravis
13. Sjögren’s syndrome is seen in clients with RA and manifests with dryness of (mucous membranes) the eyes,
mouth, and vagina in females. Visual disturbances can occur. -patient has dry mucous membrane around
the eyes and mouth
14. According to The Joint Commission, the most effective preventative measure to avoid HIV exposure is
consistent use of Standard Precautions. -standard precautions
15. Warning signs of cancer. (SATA) c- change in bowel habits a- a wound that doesn’t heal u-unusual
bleeding/discharge t-thickening or lump indigestion o – obvious changes in warts or moles n- nagging
cough
a. CAUTION- go over caution
i. Unusual bleeding, dysphagia, bowel changes, rapid weight loss/gain, ABCDEs of
moles, persistent unproductive cough
1fl. SLE is more common in women than men. SLE is most common in black women, having 4 times the prevalence
than white women, and is also prevalent in Hispanics and Asians. Being overweight increases the risk of
developing an autoimmune disorder. SLE is most commonly diagnosed after puberty, typically in the 20s and
30s. -African American ethnicity women, overweight, between the ages of 20-40 years of age
17. A classic example of a type II hypersensitivity reaction is a blood transfusion reaction. These can be prevented
by correctly identifying the client and cross-checking the unit of blood to be administered. Serum sickness is a
type III reaction. Avoidance therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for a type IV hypersensitivity. Latex
allergies are a type I hypersensitivity. Type 1 anaphylaxis- type 2 blood transfusion type 3 serum sickness type 4
poison ivy type 5 graves disease
18. Alcohol withdrawal: The main priority is the patient's safety due to risk of harm from seizures, DTs, and
anxiety. Environment should be non stimulating, relaxing, quiet, keep stimulation down and stay calm (-limit
stimulus, bed is in lowest to the floor, initiate seizure precautions, monitor for delirium tremens, initiate fall
precautions)
about:blan 2/
k 7
PM review
Exam 3 Focus Points
75 questions (15 Dosage calc)
1. Cancer patients: Pacing activities throughout the day conserves energy, and nursing care should be paced
as well. Fatigue, no cluster care it will make them tired
-allow patient to rest – spread care throughout the day -prioritize each episode of care -honor their sleep
schedules as much as possible / priotirization and admin. Of nursing care throughout the day
2. Immunosuppressant therapy is initiated to inhibit optimal immune response. This is necessary in the case of
transplantation, because the normal immune response would cause the body to recognize the new tissue
as foreign and attack it.
-immunosuppressants help prevent the body from rejecting the new organ
3. The clinical features of sickle cell anemia are primarily the result of increased/faster red blood cell
destruction and obstruction caused by the sickle-shaped red blood cells.
- Increase in destruction of red blood cells, decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood, increase in the
viscosity of the blood
4. Can stressful events cause a sickle cell crisis? How and why?
a. Yes, stress can cause decrease blood flow Vasoconstriction, body requires more oxygen, how do
we manage when in a crisis-fluids, pain med, try to avoid stressful situations
5. Cigarettes are considered a gateway drug. Teenagers who smoke are 11.4 times more likely to use an illicit drug.
-smoking is a gateway to trying other substances
fl. The vaccine used for measles, mumps, and rubella is a live virus and can result in an overwhelming infection.-
immunosuppressed. Tetanus vaccine, inactivated poliovirus vaccine, and DPT are not live virus vaccines. Be
cautious with live viruses and cancer patients. -MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) live viruses can cause an
infection
7. Behaviors consistent with a patient becoming increasingly aggression. Crying and withdrawn affect are not
cited by experts as behaviors indicating the individual has a high potential to behave violently. (SATA)
-pacing, rigid posture while clinching jaw, - narrowed eye while starring at a person, - restlessness
8. Clenched fist, pinched facial features, reddened facial features, yelling, fidgeting, pacing, narrowed eyes
when someone looks at you, no crying /withdrawn for aggression
9. Tolerance refers to needing higher and higher doses of a drug to produce the desired effect.
-his tolerance for alcohol has gone up over the years, over time increase of what they are taking
10. Leukemia is a group of malignant disorders of the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. It is defined as
an unrestricted proliferation of immature WBCs in the blood-forming tissues of the body. defined as an
unrestricted proliferation of immature WBCs in the blood-forming tissues of the
body -uncontrolled production of immature white blood cells (WBcs)
about:blan 1/
k 7
, 10/16/24, 2:25 Exam 3 Focus Points - exam 3
PM review
11. Who is at risk for contracting tuberculosis? (SATA) travelers, people with a positive HIV status, prisoners,
people who live in dormitories
a. Immunocompromised, Homeless, Healthcare workers, Prison workers, nursing homes, long term
care facilities
12. Know the different types of hypersensitivity reactions and examples of each. (SATA) d
a. 5 types learn the 5 different types- what they are and an example of each
Type I – Examples include hay fever and anaphylaxis
Type II- blood transfusion penicillin
Type III – Immune complex deposits in blood vessel walls serum sickness
a. Type IV – Examples are poison ivy and transplant rejection
b. Type v- graves disease & myasthenia gravis
13. Sjögren’s syndrome is seen in clients with RA and manifests with dryness of (mucous membranes) the eyes,
mouth, and vagina in females. Visual disturbances can occur. -patient has dry mucous membrane around
the eyes and mouth
14. According to The Joint Commission, the most effective preventative measure to avoid HIV exposure is
consistent use of Standard Precautions. -standard precautions
15. Warning signs of cancer. (SATA) c- change in bowel habits a- a wound that doesn’t heal u-unusual
bleeding/discharge t-thickening or lump indigestion o – obvious changes in warts or moles n- nagging
cough
a. CAUTION- go over caution
i. Unusual bleeding, dysphagia, bowel changes, rapid weight loss/gain, ABCDEs of
moles, persistent unproductive cough
1fl. SLE is more common in women than men. SLE is most common in black women, having 4 times the prevalence
than white women, and is also prevalent in Hispanics and Asians. Being overweight increases the risk of
developing an autoimmune disorder. SLE is most commonly diagnosed after puberty, typically in the 20s and
30s. -African American ethnicity women, overweight, between the ages of 20-40 years of age
17. A classic example of a type II hypersensitivity reaction is a blood transfusion reaction. These can be prevented
by correctly identifying the client and cross-checking the unit of blood to be administered. Serum sickness is a
type III reaction. Avoidance therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for a type IV hypersensitivity. Latex
allergies are a type I hypersensitivity. Type 1 anaphylaxis- type 2 blood transfusion type 3 serum sickness type 4
poison ivy type 5 graves disease
18. Alcohol withdrawal: The main priority is the patient's safety due to risk of harm from seizures, DTs, and
anxiety. Environment should be non stimulating, relaxing, quiet, keep stimulation down and stay calm (-limit
stimulus, bed is in lowest to the floor, initiate seizure precautions, monitor for delirium tremens, initiate fall
precautions)
about:blan 2/
k 7
