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Chapter 12: Feminist Therapy all Exam
Questions 100% Solved.
"Second wave" philosophies of feminism - answer✔Liberal feminists, cultural feminists, radical
feminists, and social feminists
Liberal feminists - answer✔Focus on helping individual women overcome the limits and
constraints of traditional gender-role socialization patterns. Liberal feminists argue for a
transformation from accepting traditional gender roles to creating equal opportunities for both
women and men.
Cultural feminists - answer✔Believe oppression stems from society's devaluation of women's
strengths, values, and roles. They emphasize the differences between women and men and
believe the solution to oppression lies in feminization of the culture so that society becomes
more nurturing, intuitive, subjective, cooperative, and relational.
Radical feminists - answer✔Focus on the oppression of women that is embedded in patriarchy
and seek to change society through activism and equalizing power. Radical feminists strive to
identify and question the many ways in which patriarchy dominates every area of life including
household chores, paid employment, intimate partnerships, violence, and parenting. They
challenge the many ways in which women are denied power.
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"Third wave" of feminism - answer✔Embraces diversity with its inclusion of women of color,
lesbians, and the postmodern and constructivist viewpoints. New developments also include
global and international perspectives.
Postmodern feminists - answer✔Provide a model for critiquing other traditional and feminist
approaches, addressing the issue of what constitutes reality and proposing multiple truths as
opposed to a single truth. The postmodern perspective is based on the assumption that "reality is
embedded in social relationships through power relationship." Polarities such as masculine-
feminine are deconstructed, which involves an analysis of how such constructs are created.
Global international feminists - answer✔Take a worldwide perspective and seek to understand
the ways in which racism, sexism, economics, and classism affect women in different countries.
Androcentric - answer✔Use of male-oriented constructs to draw conclusions about human,
including female, nature.
Gendercentric - answer✔The proposal of two separate paths of development for women and
men.
Heterosexist - answer✔The view of heterosexual orientation as normative and desirable and
devaluing lesbian, gay male, and bisexual orientations.
Deterministic - answer✔The assumption that personality patterns and behavior are fixed at an
early stage of development.
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Intrapsychic in orientation - answer✔The attribution of behavior to internal causes, which often
results in blaming the victim and ignoring sociocultural and political factors.
Gender fair - answer✔Explanation of differences in the behavior of women and men in terms of
socialization processes rather than on the basis of our "innate" natures, thus avoiding stereotypes
in social roles and interpersonal behaviors.
Flexible-multicultural perspective - answer✔Use of concepts and strategies that apply equally to
individuals and groups regardless of age, race, culture, gender, ability, class, or sexual
orientation.
Interactionist - answer✔View that contains concepts specific to the thinking, feeling, and
behaving dimensions of human experience and accounts for contextual and environmental
factors.
Life-spanning perspective - answer✔The assumption that human development is a lifelong
process and that personality and behavioral changes can occur at any time rather than being fixed
during early childhood.
Gender schemas - answer✔Internalizations of the gender roles perpetuated in a sexist society -
they are evident even in very young children.
Principles of Feminist Therapy - answer✔1. The person is political
2. Commitment to social change