NURS 3031 Qualitative Research Qustions With Complete
Solutions
"depth" in in-depth interview Correct Answer depth meaning to
obtain and collect detailed information beyond initial and
surface level knowledge
diving deeper into informant's knowledge and understanding of
experience to achieve same level
aide memoire of SSI Correct Answer used as resource for
interviewers to look at before or during interview to remind
them of relevance of question
improvised prompts that maintain consistency with information
intended by question
alternative criteria for applicability Correct Answer
transferability of results
alternative criteria for consistency of results Correct Answer
dependability of results
alternative criteria for dependability Correct Answer instead of
reliability
if findings of study are dependable, they should be consistent
and accurate
audit trail is necessary to determine this
alternative criteria for transferability Correct Answer instead of
generalizability
means that findings in one context can be transferred to similar
situations
,those who carry out same research in another context will be
able to apply certain concepts originally developed by other
researchers
alternative criteria for trustworthiness Correct Answer
methodological soundness and adequacy
make judgment of trustworthiness possible through developing
dependability, credibility, transferability, and confirmability
alternative criteria for truth value Correct Answer credibility of
inquiry
thick description helps establish this
alternative criteria of confirmability Correct Answer instead of
objectivity
research is judged by looking at if findings and conclusions
achieve their aim and are not result of researcher's prior
assumptions and biases
need for audit trail
alternative criteria of credibility Correct Answer instead of
internal validity
researchers findings are compatible with perceptions of people
in study
analysis for GT Correct Answer coding and categorizing
continues throughout study
process of coding consists of looking and analyzing the data
then forming/labelling themes (central ideas) or concepts
Data are reduced to build categories (named and labelled)
as the categories emerge, theory can be evolved
,armchair walk through Correct Answer mentally going through
process to reduce uncertainty
attempt to predict research process and outcomes rather than
going in blindly
will not detect every problem but allow sense of what is learned
using each method
must be aware of chances of reevaluating and making changes
artifacts Correct Answer object made by human with (cultural)
meaning
audit trails Correct Answer helps readers follow path of
researcher and demonstrate how they achieved their conclusions
guides other researchers wishing to carry out similar research
necessary for dependability
autoethnography Correct Answer researchers tell their own
experiences rather than those of others'
implies researchers center their studies in themselves rather than
focusing on others
being in the world (heidegger) Correct Answer emphasized
human cannot abstract themselves from world, object is always
in world
state of living with highly meaningful orientation
we do not exist apart from the world we experience, we are a
part of it
consider bracketing because we are always connected to external
world
- takes into account of location and context
, - "don't ask about addiction, ask about pain"
interpret people within their context
benefits of ethnography to nursing Correct Answer deals with
studies of culture but in nursing care and generates nursing
knowledge
nurse ethnographers live with informants in working day and
spend private lives away from research location (e.g. hospital)
they are familiar with language used in setting
useful in studying health promotion issues - provides social
context and explores social conditions which participant live and
which they are influenced
bias as strategy to enhance validity Correct Answer objectivity
is regarded as leading to pure knowledge, however, in qual we
maximize subjectivity
- get closer to understanding our participants
- this maximization of subjectivity enhances validity
good bias in which we are biasing people who had experience
and looking for sample with that subjective experience to match
study
bad bias is when anything subjective taints knowledge found
- going to literature and see what is there and frame what we are
looking for based on what is read
bracketing Correct Answer holding back natural attitudes and
theoretical perceptions (Husserl)
process of suspending beliefs and prior assumptions of
phenomenon
Solutions
"depth" in in-depth interview Correct Answer depth meaning to
obtain and collect detailed information beyond initial and
surface level knowledge
diving deeper into informant's knowledge and understanding of
experience to achieve same level
aide memoire of SSI Correct Answer used as resource for
interviewers to look at before or during interview to remind
them of relevance of question
improvised prompts that maintain consistency with information
intended by question
alternative criteria for applicability Correct Answer
transferability of results
alternative criteria for consistency of results Correct Answer
dependability of results
alternative criteria for dependability Correct Answer instead of
reliability
if findings of study are dependable, they should be consistent
and accurate
audit trail is necessary to determine this
alternative criteria for transferability Correct Answer instead of
generalizability
means that findings in one context can be transferred to similar
situations
,those who carry out same research in another context will be
able to apply certain concepts originally developed by other
researchers
alternative criteria for trustworthiness Correct Answer
methodological soundness and adequacy
make judgment of trustworthiness possible through developing
dependability, credibility, transferability, and confirmability
alternative criteria for truth value Correct Answer credibility of
inquiry
thick description helps establish this
alternative criteria of confirmability Correct Answer instead of
objectivity
research is judged by looking at if findings and conclusions
achieve their aim and are not result of researcher's prior
assumptions and biases
need for audit trail
alternative criteria of credibility Correct Answer instead of
internal validity
researchers findings are compatible with perceptions of people
in study
analysis for GT Correct Answer coding and categorizing
continues throughout study
process of coding consists of looking and analyzing the data
then forming/labelling themes (central ideas) or concepts
Data are reduced to build categories (named and labelled)
as the categories emerge, theory can be evolved
,armchair walk through Correct Answer mentally going through
process to reduce uncertainty
attempt to predict research process and outcomes rather than
going in blindly
will not detect every problem but allow sense of what is learned
using each method
must be aware of chances of reevaluating and making changes
artifacts Correct Answer object made by human with (cultural)
meaning
audit trails Correct Answer helps readers follow path of
researcher and demonstrate how they achieved their conclusions
guides other researchers wishing to carry out similar research
necessary for dependability
autoethnography Correct Answer researchers tell their own
experiences rather than those of others'
implies researchers center their studies in themselves rather than
focusing on others
being in the world (heidegger) Correct Answer emphasized
human cannot abstract themselves from world, object is always
in world
state of living with highly meaningful orientation
we do not exist apart from the world we experience, we are a
part of it
consider bracketing because we are always connected to external
world
- takes into account of location and context
, - "don't ask about addiction, ask about pain"
interpret people within their context
benefits of ethnography to nursing Correct Answer deals with
studies of culture but in nursing care and generates nursing
knowledge
nurse ethnographers live with informants in working day and
spend private lives away from research location (e.g. hospital)
they are familiar with language used in setting
useful in studying health promotion issues - provides social
context and explores social conditions which participant live and
which they are influenced
bias as strategy to enhance validity Correct Answer objectivity
is regarded as leading to pure knowledge, however, in qual we
maximize subjectivity
- get closer to understanding our participants
- this maximization of subjectivity enhances validity
good bias in which we are biasing people who had experience
and looking for sample with that subjective experience to match
study
bad bias is when anything subjective taints knowledge found
- going to literature and see what is there and frame what we are
looking for based on what is read
bracketing Correct Answer holding back natural attitudes and
theoretical perceptions (Husserl)
process of suspending beliefs and prior assumptions of
phenomenon
