QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
ChemicalRreactionsRofRmetabolicRprocessesR-
RANSWERR(1)RredoxRreactions,R(2)RdehydrationRcondensationRreactions,R(3)RdehydrationRreactionsRandR(4)R
hydrolysisRreactions.
RedoxRReactionR-
RANSWERRInvolveRtransferRofRelectronsRfromRaRsubstrateRwhichRisRoxidized,RtoRanotherRsubstanceRwhichRisR
reduced
dehydration/condensationRreactionR-
RANSWERRaRreactionRinRwhichRtwoRmoleculesRareRcovalentlyRbondedRtoReachRotherRthroughRlossRofRaRwate
rRmoleculeRandRotherRsmallRmolecules.RRequiresRenergy
dehydrationRreactionR-
RANSWERRARchemicalRreactionRinRwhichRtwoRmoleculesRbecomeRcovalentlyRbondedRtoReachRotherRwithRth
eRremovalRofRaRwaterRmolecule.
hydrolysisRreactionR-
RANSWERRARbiomacromoleculeRisRdegradedRintoR2RorRmoreRmonomersRwithRtheRgainRofRaRwaterRmoleculeR
andRreleaseRofRenergy
MetabolismR-
RANSWERRTheRsumRofRallRsyntheticRandRdegradationRbiochemicalRreactionsRinRtheRhumanRbody
AnabolismR-
RANSWERRTheRsumRtotalRofRallRprocessesRinRanRorganismRwhichRuseRenergyRandRsimpleRchemicalRbuildingR
blocksRtoRproduceRlargeRchemicalsRandRstructuresRnecessaryRforRlife.
CatabolismR-
RANSWERRTheRsumRtotalRofRallRprocessesRinRanRorganismRwhichRbreakRdownRchemicalsRtoRproduceRenergyR
andRsimpleRchemicalRbuildingRblocks.
, CellularRrespirationRandRmetabolismRareRexamplesRof:R-RANSWERRCatabolicRreactions
cellularRrespirationR-
RANSWERRTransferRofRelectronsRthatRhaveRstoredRenergy,RsuchRasRglucose,RtoRotherRmolecules
aerobicRrespirationR-
RANSWERRRespirationRthatRinvolvesRconsumptionRofRoxygen.RYieldsRgreatestRamountRofRATPRandRisRprimar
yRmetabolicRpathwayRinRtheRbody.
anaerobicRrespirationR-RANSWERRRespirationRthatRdoesRnotRrequireRoxygen
GlycolysisR-
RANSWERRfirstRstepRinRreleasingRtheRenergyRofRglucose,RinRwhichRaRmoleculeRofRglucoseRisRbrokenRintoRtwoR
moleculesRofRpyruvicRacid.RCanRbeRaerobicRorRanaerobic;RoccursRinRcytoplasm
EquationRforRGylcolysisR-RANSWERRGlucose+2NAD*+2ATP+2PiR=
2RPyruvates+2NADH+2ADP+4ATP
GlucoseR-RANSWERRC6H12O6
G3PR-RANSWERRglyceraldehydeR3-
phosphate;RhighRenergyRmoleculeRusedRtoRdriveRconversionRofRpartiallyRdegradedRglucoseRtoRpyruvate
HexokinaseR-RANSWERRconvertsRglucoseRtoRG6P
G6PR-RANSWERRglucose-6-
phosphate;RhighRenergyRintermediate,RmoreRchemicallyRreactiveRandRtrapsRsugarRinsideRtheRcellRforRfurthe
rRprocessing
phosphoglucoisomeraseR-RANSWERRConvertsRG6PRtoRfructoseR6-P
PhosphofructokinaseR-RANSWERRConvertsRFructose-6-phosphateRtoRfructose-1,6-bisphosphate