PNB 2XB3 FULL Study Guide
Coronal: - ✔️✔️lane of section that is parallel to the face, how you put on a crown,
divides head to anterior (front) and posterior (back)
Difference between MS and Guillain Barre? - ✔️✔️Question Multiple Sclerosis Guillain
Barre
What myelin it attacks CNS PNS
Can you have a full recovery No Yes
Rarity Common Rare
Symptoms MS: Problems with vision, speech, tactile etc. GB: Paralysis, loss of
sensation, trouble breathing
Biolistic Transfection (Gene Gun) - ✔️✔️Take tiny gold particles and coat them in DNA
that you want the cell to make then aim and shoot into the nucleus of the cell body so
the cell will make what you injected it with. This was done in the retina to see retinal
ganglion cells, injected with DNA that is coded to produce 2 different fluorescent
proteins, Td-tomato: orange for cytoplasm and PSD-95: yellow for glutamate receptors
Bernard Katz - ✔️✔️Won Nobel Prize in 1970 for evidence of quantal transmission.
The experiment he completed was lowering the amount of calcium in the CSF and
recorded the voltage in the postsynaptic neuron. Then manipulated stimulus the axon
**Receptor Potential - ✔️✔️The membrane potential elicited in receptor neurons during
sensory transduction (converting energy of stimulus to electrical signal), start
**Synaptic Potential - ✔️✔️A membrane potential change (or a conductance change)
generated by the action of a chemical transmitter agent. Synaptic potentials allow the
transmission of information from one neuron to another, continue
4 types of patch-clamp configurations - ✔️✔️cell-attached, whole-cell, inside-out, and
outside-out recording
A-alpha axon diameter? - ✔️✔️13-20 microns
A-alpha conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️80-120 m/s
A-beta axon diameter? - ✔️✔️6-12 microns
A-beta conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️35-75 m/s
, A-delta axon diameter? - ✔️✔️1-5 microns
A-delta conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️5-30 m/s
Action Potential - ✔️✔️neuroelectrical impulse that allows for nervous system to
communicate
Afferent - ✔️✔️towards the brain, away from body; towards reference
AHP - ✔️✔️Afterhyperpolarization:
When the cell overshoots the resting membrane due to the high permeability to
potassium as both leak and ion gated channels are open
**Dorsal root ganglion - ✔️✔️The segmental sensory ganglia of the spinal cord; they
contain the cell bodies of the first-order neurons of all somatic sensory and visceral
sensory pathways arising in the spinal cord. (look at notes for picture)
All-or-none - ✔️✔️when a cell depolarizes it always goes to the same peak of +30mV
and has the same shape. So it either fires fully or not at all.
got and see the amplitude of on postsynaptic neuron, found that the amplitudes were
integer number of a single event. This lead him to name the "amplitude of a single
event" a quantum.
.
Brown Sequard syndrome - ✔️✔️A lesion in the spinal cord that causes loss of touch
on one side of the body and loss of pain and temperature on the opposite side (look at
notes for picture)
C-fibers axon diameter? - ✔️✔️0.2-1.5 microns
C-fibers conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️0.5-2 m/s
Caudal - ✔️✔️bottom in body, back in brain
Cell-attached recording - ✔️✔️allows for control of the membrane potential.
cGMP - ✔️✔️cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate:
Molecule which binds to the channel to open it in discs in photoreceptors when it is
dark, is degraded in light, synthesized by guanylate cyclase
Coronal: - ✔️✔️lane of section that is parallel to the face, how you put on a crown,
divides head to anterior (front) and posterior (back)
Difference between MS and Guillain Barre? - ✔️✔️Question Multiple Sclerosis Guillain
Barre
What myelin it attacks CNS PNS
Can you have a full recovery No Yes
Rarity Common Rare
Symptoms MS: Problems with vision, speech, tactile etc. GB: Paralysis, loss of
sensation, trouble breathing
Biolistic Transfection (Gene Gun) - ✔️✔️Take tiny gold particles and coat them in DNA
that you want the cell to make then aim and shoot into the nucleus of the cell body so
the cell will make what you injected it with. This was done in the retina to see retinal
ganglion cells, injected with DNA that is coded to produce 2 different fluorescent
proteins, Td-tomato: orange for cytoplasm and PSD-95: yellow for glutamate receptors
Bernard Katz - ✔️✔️Won Nobel Prize in 1970 for evidence of quantal transmission.
The experiment he completed was lowering the amount of calcium in the CSF and
recorded the voltage in the postsynaptic neuron. Then manipulated stimulus the axon
**Receptor Potential - ✔️✔️The membrane potential elicited in receptor neurons during
sensory transduction (converting energy of stimulus to electrical signal), start
**Synaptic Potential - ✔️✔️A membrane potential change (or a conductance change)
generated by the action of a chemical transmitter agent. Synaptic potentials allow the
transmission of information from one neuron to another, continue
4 types of patch-clamp configurations - ✔️✔️cell-attached, whole-cell, inside-out, and
outside-out recording
A-alpha axon diameter? - ✔️✔️13-20 microns
A-alpha conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️80-120 m/s
A-beta axon diameter? - ✔️✔️6-12 microns
A-beta conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️35-75 m/s
, A-delta axon diameter? - ✔️✔️1-5 microns
A-delta conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️5-30 m/s
Action Potential - ✔️✔️neuroelectrical impulse that allows for nervous system to
communicate
Afferent - ✔️✔️towards the brain, away from body; towards reference
AHP - ✔️✔️Afterhyperpolarization:
When the cell overshoots the resting membrane due to the high permeability to
potassium as both leak and ion gated channels are open
**Dorsal root ganglion - ✔️✔️The segmental sensory ganglia of the spinal cord; they
contain the cell bodies of the first-order neurons of all somatic sensory and visceral
sensory pathways arising in the spinal cord. (look at notes for picture)
All-or-none - ✔️✔️when a cell depolarizes it always goes to the same peak of +30mV
and has the same shape. So it either fires fully or not at all.
got and see the amplitude of on postsynaptic neuron, found that the amplitudes were
integer number of a single event. This lead him to name the "amplitude of a single
event" a quantum.
.
Brown Sequard syndrome - ✔️✔️A lesion in the spinal cord that causes loss of touch
on one side of the body and loss of pain and temperature on the opposite side (look at
notes for picture)
C-fibers axon diameter? - ✔️✔️0.2-1.5 microns
C-fibers conduction velocity? - ✔️✔️0.5-2 m/s
Caudal - ✔️✔️bottom in body, back in brain
Cell-attached recording - ✔️✔️allows for control of the membrane potential.
cGMP - ✔️✔️cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate:
Molecule which binds to the channel to open it in discs in photoreceptors when it is
dark, is degraded in light, synthesized by guanylate cyclase
