,Table of contents
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1. Development Of Nursing Research r r r
2. Evidence-Based Nursing Practice r r
3. Research Evidence In Nursing Practice
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4. Ethical Issues In Nursing Research
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5. An Overview Of Quantitative And Qualitative Research
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6. Identifying Nursing Research Problems
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7. Review Of The Literature
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8. Theory And Nursing Research
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9. Hypotheses
10. Quantitative Research Designs r r
11. Qualitative And Mixed Methods Research Designs
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12. Populations And Samples r r
,Foundations of Nursing Research, 7e (Nieswiadomy) r r r r r
Chapter 1 Development of Nursing Research
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1) What is the best reason that scholars consider Florence Nightingale to be the first nurse
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researcher?
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A) She changed nursing by basing her practice on her research findings.
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B) She identified a body of knowledge unique to nursing.
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C) She collected data in a systematic fashion.
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D) She communicated the data collected to other nurses.
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Answer: A
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Explanation: A) Florence Nightingale used the research process as an entity and did not merely use
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
some aspects of the research process. She used this systematic approach and its resultant findings to
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
change nursing practice.
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B) Only in recent years have nurses concentrated on establishing a unique body of nursing
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
knowledge. This has occurred in the years since Nightingale.
r r r r r r r r r
C) Although Nightingale did begin systematically making and recording data, it was her r r r r r r r r r r r
admonishment that all nurses do the same that began to change nursing.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
D) Whereas Nightingale used observations to influence practice in her sphere of control, it is r r r r r r r r r r r r r
unclear how widely she was able to disseminate the information.
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Cognitive Level: Applying r r
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
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Need Sub: Management of Care
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Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 05. Summarize the development of nursing research and future priorities.
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2) Research is important to the nursing profession for many reasons. What is the ultimate goal of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nursing research?
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A) Document the cost-effectiveness of nursing care. r r r r r
B) Ensure credibility of the nursing profession.r r r r r
C) Promote evidence-based practice in nursing. r r r r
D) Provide accountability for the nursing profession.
r r r r r
Answer: C
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Explanation: A) Whereas cost-effective nursing care is important, it is not as important as
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
providing optimum care. Many would argue that cost-effectiveness is a part of optimum care. B)
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Whereas nursing research will help to establish credibility of the nursing profession, this result is
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
not as important as providing optimum care to the client.
r r r r r r r r r r
C) The major reason for conducting research is to foster optimum care for clients. Evidence-
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
based practice is nurses making clinical decisions based on the best research evidence, the nurse's
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
clinical expertise, and the health preferences of the client.
r r r r r r r r r
D) Whereas nursing research does provide rationale for nursing actions, thereby promoting r r r r r r r r r r
accountability, this is not as important as providing optimal care to the client.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying r r
, Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
r r r r r r r
Need Sub: Management of Care
r r r r r
Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 02. Describe four goals for conducting nursing research.
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3) The National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR) establishes research priorities. Which
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option reflects a study that meets the current mission of the NINR?
r r r r r r r r r r r r
A) The effect of nurse-led community education on the prevalence of heart disease
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B) The number of students entering nursing programs
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C) The efficacy of a specific medication therapy for congestive heart failure
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D) The job satisfaction level of currently employed nurses
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Answer: A
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Explanation: A) Promoting health and preventing disease is an area of research emphasis for the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
NINR. Evaluating the effects of nurse-led community education about health matches this area of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
emphasis.
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B) Nursing workforce numbers is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
C) Research into medication efficacy is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
D) Job satisfaction among nurses is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying r r
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
r r r r r r r
Need Sub: Management of Care
r r r r r
Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 05. Summarize the development of nursing research and future priorities.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
4) Nurses involved in research assume different roles, based on their level of education. Which
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
best describes the role of the BSN-prepared nurse in research?
r r r r r r r r r r
A) Collaborates with other nurses to design research studies r r r r r r r
B) Critiques research studies and applies research to clinical practice r r r r r r r r
C) Develops policy based on nursing research findings r r r r r r
D) Assumes the role of primary investigator in an independent research study
r r r r r r r r r r
Answer: B
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Explanation: A) This is the role of the master's-prepared nurse. r r r r r r r r r
B) BSN-prepared nurses should read research critically and determine if results are ready to be r r r r r r r r r r r r r
used in practice.
r r r
C) This is the role of the nurse who holds a practice-focused doctorate.
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D) This is the role of the nurse who holds a research-focused doctorate.
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Cognitive Level: Applying
r r r
r r
1. Development Of Nursing Research r r r
2. Evidence-Based Nursing Practice r r
3. Research Evidence In Nursing Practice
r r r r
4. Ethical Issues In Nursing Research
r r r r
5. An Overview Of Quantitative And Qualitative Research
r r r r r r
6. Identifying Nursing Research Problems
r r r
7. Review Of The Literature
r r r
8. Theory And Nursing Research
r r r
9. Hypotheses
10. Quantitative Research Designs r r
11. Qualitative And Mixed Methods Research Designs
r r r r r
12. Populations And Samples r r
,Foundations of Nursing Research, 7e (Nieswiadomy) r r r r r
Chapter 1 Development of Nursing Research
r r r r r r
1) What is the best reason that scholars consider Florence Nightingale to be the first nurse
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
researcher?
r
A) She changed nursing by basing her practice on her research findings.
r r r r r r r r r r
B) She identified a body of knowledge unique to nursing.
r r r r r r r r
C) She collected data in a systematic fashion.
r r r r r r
D) She communicated the data collected to other nurses.
r r r r r r r
Answer: A
r r
Explanation: A) Florence Nightingale used the research process as an entity and did not merely use
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
some aspects of the research process. She used this systematic approach and its resultant findings to
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
change nursing practice.
r r r
B) Only in recent years have nurses concentrated on establishing a unique body of nursing
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
knowledge. This has occurred in the years since Nightingale.
r r r r r r r r r
C) Although Nightingale did begin systematically making and recording data, it was her r r r r r r r r r r r
admonishment that all nurses do the same that began to change nursing.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
D) Whereas Nightingale used observations to influence practice in her sphere of control, it is r r r r r r r r r r r r r
unclear how widely she was able to disseminate the information.
r r r r r r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying r r
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
r r r r r r r
Need Sub: Management of Care
r r r r r
Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 05. Summarize the development of nursing research and future priorities.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
2) Research is important to the nursing profession for many reasons. What is the ultimate goal of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
nursing research?
r r
A) Document the cost-effectiveness of nursing care. r r r r r
B) Ensure credibility of the nursing profession.r r r r r
C) Promote evidence-based practice in nursing. r r r r
D) Provide accountability for the nursing profession.
r r r r r
Answer: C
r r
Explanation: A) Whereas cost-effective nursing care is important, it is not as important as
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
providing optimum care. Many would argue that cost-effectiveness is a part of optimum care. B)
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Whereas nursing research will help to establish credibility of the nursing profession, this result is
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
not as important as providing optimum care to the client.
r r r r r r r r r r
C) The major reason for conducting research is to foster optimum care for clients. Evidence-
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
based practice is nurses making clinical decisions based on the best research evidence, the nurse's
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
clinical expertise, and the health preferences of the client.
r r r r r r r r r
D) Whereas nursing research does provide rationale for nursing actions, thereby promoting r r r r r r r r r r
accountability, this is not as important as providing optimal care to the client.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying r r
, Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
r r r r r r r
Need Sub: Management of Care
r r r r r
Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 02. Describe four goals for conducting nursing research.
r r r r r r r r r r
3) The National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR) establishes research priorities. Which
r r r r r r r r r r
option reflects a study that meets the current mission of the NINR?
r r r r r r r r r r r r
A) The effect of nurse-led community education on the prevalence of heart disease
r r r r r r r r r r r
B) The number of students entering nursing programs
r r r r r r
C) The efficacy of a specific medication therapy for congestive heart failure
r r r r r r r r r r
D) The job satisfaction level of currently employed nurses
r r r r r r r
Answer: A
r r
Explanation: A) Promoting health and preventing disease is an area of research emphasis for the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
NINR. Evaluating the effects of nurse-led community education about health matches this area of
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
emphasis.
r
B) Nursing workforce numbers is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
C) Research into medication efficacy is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
D) Job satisfaction among nurses is not an area of the NINR's current research emphasis. The
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
areas are promoting health and preventing disease and disability, managing symptoms, and
r r r r r r r r r r r r
improving palliative and end-of-life care.
r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying r r
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment Client
r r r r r r r
Need Sub: Management of Care
r r r r r
Nurs./Integ. Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment r r r r
Learning Outcome: LO 05. Summarize the development of nursing research and future priorities.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
4) Nurses involved in research assume different roles, based on their level of education. Which
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
best describes the role of the BSN-prepared nurse in research?
r r r r r r r r r r
A) Collaborates with other nurses to design research studies r r r r r r r
B) Critiques research studies and applies research to clinical practice r r r r r r r r
C) Develops policy based on nursing research findings r r r r r r
D) Assumes the role of primary investigator in an independent research study
r r r r r r r r r r
Answer: B
r r
Explanation: A) This is the role of the master's-prepared nurse. r r r r r r r r r
B) BSN-prepared nurses should read research critically and determine if results are ready to be r r r r r r r r r r r r r
used in practice.
r r r
C) This is the role of the nurse who holds a practice-focused doctorate.
r r r r r r r r r r r
D) This is the role of the nurse who holds a research-focused doctorate.
r r r r r r r r r r r
Cognitive Level: Applying
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