TEST BANK For Interpersonal Relationships Professional
Communication Skills for Nurses 9th Edition by
Elizabeth Arnold, Kathleen Boggs
Communication - ANSWER:The process whereby one person stimulates meaning in
the mind of another through verbal and/or nonverbal means
Three parts to communication - ANSWER:process, a stimulation of meaning, verbal
and nonverbal
Communication is a process - ANSWER:cannot be stopped or reset, continuous,
irreversible, systematic
Communication is the stimulation of meaning (not the transfer) - ANSWER:We
cannot place or transfer meaning into the minds of others
Our communication simply provokes others to create meaning
Communication is both verbal and nonverbal - ANSWER:These two components are
intertwined during face-to-face encounters
what are the 8 PROPOSITIONS about interpersonal communication. -
ANSWER:Communication has both verbal and non-verbal components.
You cannot not communicate.
Communication expresses both content and relationship
Meanings are in people.
Communication is irreversible.
Communication is a neutral tool.
Communication is a learned skill.
Communication takes place in physical and psychological contexts.
Communication has both verbal and non-verbal components. - ANSWER:The verbal
component is what words and phrases people use to speak to one another while the
non-verbal components include gestures, eye-contact, tone, and facial expressions.
You cannot not communicate. - ANSWER:There's the assumption that if you are not
speaking, you're not communicating, when really silence is a form of communication.
For example, not returning a text/phone call after a first date or after a fight with
someone has an obvious message being sent: you don't want to talk to them/ you're
angry with them.
Communication expresses both content and relationship - ANSWER:e content
portion of a message is the "substantive information" such as a professor entering a
room telling you to "take your seats" conveying the message that he/she wants to
begin class. The same example, say the prof comes in and says "take your seats" in a
sharp or cynical tone. You can gather that they are in a bad mood or don't like the
,class. This is the relational aspect of communication. Usually, VERBAL ASPECTS =
CONTENT
NON-VERBAL ASPECTS = RELATIONAL
Meanings are in people. - ANSWER:When communicating, you can't assume that
everyone else shares the same meanings for words and behaviors as you do.
Punctuation also tends to change the meaning of a sentences such as:
"Let's eat Grandma."
"Let's eat, Grandma."
Communication is irreversible. - ANSWER:Everything negative/insulting thing you
say, even if it's forgiven and "forgotten", resonates for the rest of the relationship.
There is always going to be a small memory of what was said, and can affect the
relationship in small but meaningful ways.
Communication is a neutral tool. - ANSWER:Communication is seen as a positive tool
to convey emotions/ideas/beliefs, but parallely is used for ill-will. "Sticks and stones
may break my bones, but words will never hurt me." is a common statement, but
not true. Communication can be used in a negative way as well.
Communication is a learned skill. - ANSWER:Communication is NOT a natural ability -
but many will argue that it is (they insist that a newborn baby crying is
communication when it's simply noise). People who have more experience and
practice with communicating develop better communication skills than those with
limited experience.
Communication takes place in physical contexts. - ANSWER:Communication is
shaped by our physical environment. Our environment determines what is or is not
appropriate to say, how we should say it, and how we should interpret messages
from others in that environment with us.
Ex: Raising the volume of our voice and lowering intimacy of conversation in a
noisy/crowded public place.
Personal communication vs. professional communication depends on setting
Communication takes place in psychological contexts. - ANSWER:Interpretation of
communication depends on individual perspectives, experiences, and psychological
contexts. A conversation cannot be separated from the people holding it and what
each brings to the exchange.
Ex: Giving a speech about microbiology to a room of 2nd graders will not elicit the
same results/opinions as a room of microbiologists
Discuss the verbal and nonverbal components of communication. -
ANSWER:Repeating
Substituting/replace
Accenting
Complementing
Regulating
, Contradicting
Repeating - ANSWER:nonverbal. Saying what you previously said in either another
sentence or making a gesture.
Substituting/replace - ANSWER:nonverbal, not saying anything but making facial
expressions.
Accenting - ANSWER:highlight a message by making a face expression.
complementing - ANSWER:expand what you said to make it more vivid.
Regulating - ANSWER:controlling what is happening
Contradicting - ANSWER:sarcasm and irony
how communication expresses content and relationships. - ANSWER:The audience
can interpret a meaning differently depending on what he/she thinks a content
means. Also, the audience might have emotional information thinking that the
speaker likes the audience or not.
Components of the model of interpersonal communication - ANSWER:Environment,
Feedback, speaker/source, audience/receiver, internal noise
Environment - ANSWER:is everything that is around the audience like someone
throwing a ball, or a car passing by.
Feedback - ANSWER:interplay between encoding and decoding, encodes messages
to send at the same time as decoding the messages received
The speaker/source - ANSWER:sends a message called encoding
The audience/receiver - ANSWER:decodes the message and interprets meaning
Internal noise - ANSWER:anything that is bothering the speaker or audience
psychologically
Ethics - ANSWER:The study of the rules and principles that define right and wrong
aspects of ethical communication in public presentations - ANSWER:Use of ethos-
your credibility pathos- emotional appeals and logos- logic
Citations give credit where credit is due
Citations hold you accountable for standards of reason and truth
Citations create the potential for replication of your research
If you research something that goes against what you believe- address
counterarguments and refute them in presentation
Speak with rhetorical sensitivity- keeping audience in mind when speaking
Communication Skills for Nurses 9th Edition by
Elizabeth Arnold, Kathleen Boggs
Communication - ANSWER:The process whereby one person stimulates meaning in
the mind of another through verbal and/or nonverbal means
Three parts to communication - ANSWER:process, a stimulation of meaning, verbal
and nonverbal
Communication is a process - ANSWER:cannot be stopped or reset, continuous,
irreversible, systematic
Communication is the stimulation of meaning (not the transfer) - ANSWER:We
cannot place or transfer meaning into the minds of others
Our communication simply provokes others to create meaning
Communication is both verbal and nonverbal - ANSWER:These two components are
intertwined during face-to-face encounters
what are the 8 PROPOSITIONS about interpersonal communication. -
ANSWER:Communication has both verbal and non-verbal components.
You cannot not communicate.
Communication expresses both content and relationship
Meanings are in people.
Communication is irreversible.
Communication is a neutral tool.
Communication is a learned skill.
Communication takes place in physical and psychological contexts.
Communication has both verbal and non-verbal components. - ANSWER:The verbal
component is what words and phrases people use to speak to one another while the
non-verbal components include gestures, eye-contact, tone, and facial expressions.
You cannot not communicate. - ANSWER:There's the assumption that if you are not
speaking, you're not communicating, when really silence is a form of communication.
For example, not returning a text/phone call after a first date or after a fight with
someone has an obvious message being sent: you don't want to talk to them/ you're
angry with them.
Communication expresses both content and relationship - ANSWER:e content
portion of a message is the "substantive information" such as a professor entering a
room telling you to "take your seats" conveying the message that he/she wants to
begin class. The same example, say the prof comes in and says "take your seats" in a
sharp or cynical tone. You can gather that they are in a bad mood or don't like the
,class. This is the relational aspect of communication. Usually, VERBAL ASPECTS =
CONTENT
NON-VERBAL ASPECTS = RELATIONAL
Meanings are in people. - ANSWER:When communicating, you can't assume that
everyone else shares the same meanings for words and behaviors as you do.
Punctuation also tends to change the meaning of a sentences such as:
"Let's eat Grandma."
"Let's eat, Grandma."
Communication is irreversible. - ANSWER:Everything negative/insulting thing you
say, even if it's forgiven and "forgotten", resonates for the rest of the relationship.
There is always going to be a small memory of what was said, and can affect the
relationship in small but meaningful ways.
Communication is a neutral tool. - ANSWER:Communication is seen as a positive tool
to convey emotions/ideas/beliefs, but parallely is used for ill-will. "Sticks and stones
may break my bones, but words will never hurt me." is a common statement, but
not true. Communication can be used in a negative way as well.
Communication is a learned skill. - ANSWER:Communication is NOT a natural ability -
but many will argue that it is (they insist that a newborn baby crying is
communication when it's simply noise). People who have more experience and
practice with communicating develop better communication skills than those with
limited experience.
Communication takes place in physical contexts. - ANSWER:Communication is
shaped by our physical environment. Our environment determines what is or is not
appropriate to say, how we should say it, and how we should interpret messages
from others in that environment with us.
Ex: Raising the volume of our voice and lowering intimacy of conversation in a
noisy/crowded public place.
Personal communication vs. professional communication depends on setting
Communication takes place in psychological contexts. - ANSWER:Interpretation of
communication depends on individual perspectives, experiences, and psychological
contexts. A conversation cannot be separated from the people holding it and what
each brings to the exchange.
Ex: Giving a speech about microbiology to a room of 2nd graders will not elicit the
same results/opinions as a room of microbiologists
Discuss the verbal and nonverbal components of communication. -
ANSWER:Repeating
Substituting/replace
Accenting
Complementing
Regulating
, Contradicting
Repeating - ANSWER:nonverbal. Saying what you previously said in either another
sentence or making a gesture.
Substituting/replace - ANSWER:nonverbal, not saying anything but making facial
expressions.
Accenting - ANSWER:highlight a message by making a face expression.
complementing - ANSWER:expand what you said to make it more vivid.
Regulating - ANSWER:controlling what is happening
Contradicting - ANSWER:sarcasm and irony
how communication expresses content and relationships. - ANSWER:The audience
can interpret a meaning differently depending on what he/she thinks a content
means. Also, the audience might have emotional information thinking that the
speaker likes the audience or not.
Components of the model of interpersonal communication - ANSWER:Environment,
Feedback, speaker/source, audience/receiver, internal noise
Environment - ANSWER:is everything that is around the audience like someone
throwing a ball, or a car passing by.
Feedback - ANSWER:interplay between encoding and decoding, encodes messages
to send at the same time as decoding the messages received
The speaker/source - ANSWER:sends a message called encoding
The audience/receiver - ANSWER:decodes the message and interprets meaning
Internal noise - ANSWER:anything that is bothering the speaker or audience
psychologically
Ethics - ANSWER:The study of the rules and principles that define right and wrong
aspects of ethical communication in public presentations - ANSWER:Use of ethos-
your credibility pathos- emotional appeals and logos- logic
Citations give credit where credit is due
Citations hold you accountable for standards of reason and truth
Citations create the potential for replication of your research
If you research something that goes against what you believe- address
counterarguments and refute them in presentation
Speak with rhetorical sensitivity- keeping audience in mind when speaking
