Nursing 252 Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Three D's of Cognitive Impairment ✅dementia, delirium, depression
Delirium ✅an acutely disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and
other disorders and is characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of
thought and speech.
Etiology of Delirium ✅underlying cognitive impairment
functional impairment
depression
acute illness
sensory impairment
Precipitating factors of Delirium ✅medications
procedures
restraints
iatrogenic events
sleep deprivation
bladder catheter
pain
environmental factors
What percentage of adults develop delirium during their hospital stay? ✅11-42%
Is delirium a medical emergency? ✅Yes. It requires prompt assessment and
intervention.
What drugs can contribute to delirium ✅narcotics
Clinical Subtypes of Delirium ✅hyperactive, hypoactive, mixed
Recognizing Delirium ✅agitiation
might only know self
pull on tubes
hallucinations
, Consequences of Delirium ✅secondary complications: DVT
can take up to 6 months to return to baseline
Assessment for Delirium ✅Mini-Mental Examination
Confusion Assessment Method
NEECHAM Confusion Scale
Delirium Interventions ✅quiet room with lights on
avoid excessive stimuli but provide soft music/TV
orientation cues
eye glasses, hearing aids
encourage family presence
have familiar objects from home
monitor PO intake
HELP program ✅6 risk factors for delirium
1. cognitive impairment
2. sleep changes
3. immobility
4.visual impairment
5. hearing impairment
6. dehydration
Goals for clients with NCD ✅maintain stability and function
compensate for losses associated with dx
maintain quality of life
want to nurture the person hood of the client
Assessment for clients with NCD ✅should be ongoing
include both client and family
end of life/advanced directives should be discussed
Person-centered care ✅a type of care that places the emphasis on the person needing
care and his or her individuality and capabilities
Five common care concerns for clients with major NCD ✅1. communication
Correct Answers
Three D's of Cognitive Impairment ✅dementia, delirium, depression
Delirium ✅an acutely disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and
other disorders and is characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of
thought and speech.
Etiology of Delirium ✅underlying cognitive impairment
functional impairment
depression
acute illness
sensory impairment
Precipitating factors of Delirium ✅medications
procedures
restraints
iatrogenic events
sleep deprivation
bladder catheter
pain
environmental factors
What percentage of adults develop delirium during their hospital stay? ✅11-42%
Is delirium a medical emergency? ✅Yes. It requires prompt assessment and
intervention.
What drugs can contribute to delirium ✅narcotics
Clinical Subtypes of Delirium ✅hyperactive, hypoactive, mixed
Recognizing Delirium ✅agitiation
might only know self
pull on tubes
hallucinations
, Consequences of Delirium ✅secondary complications: DVT
can take up to 6 months to return to baseline
Assessment for Delirium ✅Mini-Mental Examination
Confusion Assessment Method
NEECHAM Confusion Scale
Delirium Interventions ✅quiet room with lights on
avoid excessive stimuli but provide soft music/TV
orientation cues
eye glasses, hearing aids
encourage family presence
have familiar objects from home
monitor PO intake
HELP program ✅6 risk factors for delirium
1. cognitive impairment
2. sleep changes
3. immobility
4.visual impairment
5. hearing impairment
6. dehydration
Goals for clients with NCD ✅maintain stability and function
compensate for losses associated with dx
maintain quality of life
want to nurture the person hood of the client
Assessment for clients with NCD ✅should be ongoing
include both client and family
end of life/advanced directives should be discussed
Person-centered care ✅a type of care that places the emphasis on the person needing
care and his or her individuality and capabilities
Five common care concerns for clients with major NCD ✅1. communication
