5366 RESEARCH QUIZ 2 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Clinical trial - ANSWER A research study in which a drug, intervention or device is studied to evaluate the
efficacy and safety of treating a specific problem or disease; to find superior or alternative modalities of
treating a specific disease
randomized control trial - ANSWER gold standard and most commonly used method; involves
identification of population of interest, selecting a sample population from that group and typically
sample population broken into two or more groups
Validity - ANSWER Degree with which correct inferences can be made from the results of a research
study
internal validity - ANSWER Extent to which results obtained in a research trial are a function of the
variables that were systematically manipulated, measured, and/or observed in the study
Bias - ANSWER Systematic error; occurs when the way a study was designed, conducted or recorded
leads to systematic deviations from results of the truth
random error - ANSWER an error that occurs when the selected sample is an imperfect representation of
the overall population; chance error or statistical error; occurs due to variability in measured data that
arrives purely by chance
Selection bias - ANSWER Randomization is the process of assigning study participants to either
experimental or control groups at random to prevent this
Randomization - ANSWER Allocation sequence generation; allocation concealment; implementation of
allocated sequence
allocation sequence generation - ANSWER Generating unpredictable sequence of how subjects are
allocated; random numbers or computer generated random number system
AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Clinical trial - ANSWER A research study in which a drug, intervention or device is studied to evaluate the
efficacy and safety of treating a specific problem or disease; to find superior or alternative modalities of
treating a specific disease
randomized control trial - ANSWER gold standard and most commonly used method; involves
identification of population of interest, selecting a sample population from that group and typically
sample population broken into two or more groups
Validity - ANSWER Degree with which correct inferences can be made from the results of a research
study
internal validity - ANSWER Extent to which results obtained in a research trial are a function of the
variables that were systematically manipulated, measured, and/or observed in the study
Bias - ANSWER Systematic error; occurs when the way a study was designed, conducted or recorded
leads to systematic deviations from results of the truth
random error - ANSWER an error that occurs when the selected sample is an imperfect representation of
the overall population; chance error or statistical error; occurs due to variability in measured data that
arrives purely by chance
Selection bias - ANSWER Randomization is the process of assigning study participants to either
experimental or control groups at random to prevent this
Randomization - ANSWER Allocation sequence generation; allocation concealment; implementation of
allocated sequence
allocation sequence generation - ANSWER Generating unpredictable sequence of how subjects are
allocated; random numbers or computer generated random number system
