CTEL 1: Language and language
Development
Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔The process by which we learn to speak, write or even use
sign language in meaningful ways to communicate.
B.F. Skinner - correct answer ✔✔Behaviorist who argued language is a learned behavior.
Behaviorists - correct answer ✔✔Argue that we learn language by watching others and imitating them.
Classical Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Associating events with a reward (saying Dada and Dad being
happy)
Operant Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Learning through rewards and punishments
Noam Chomsky / Chomsky's Linguistic Theory - correct answer ✔✔Believes that infants and children
learn language at a speed that can't be explained by behaviorism- Children learn rules of language and
apply them in their own way. He believes we are born with an innate ability to learn language.
Language Acquisition Device - correct answer ✔✔An area in our brains that makes learning language a
natural event.
Critical Period Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔The believe that we have a time frame for learning new
language, and once that time is over, language acquisition becomes more difficult.
First Stages of Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Babbling Stage, One-Word Stage, Two-Word
Stage, then it picks up quickly.
5 Stages of Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Pre-Production
Early Production
, Speech Emergent
Intermediate Fluency
Advanced Fluency
Pre-Produciton - correct answer ✔✔Minimal language comprehension. Not typically able to
communicate beyond nodding and pointing. (4-6 months)
Early Produciton - correct answer ✔✔Some comprehension, can string words together and can use the
present tense. Encourage students to speak more, repeat phrases, and build up synonyms and
antonyms. (6 months)
Speech Emergent - correct answer ✔✔Can produce simple sentences and understands well but still
misinterprts jokes. Include more advanced assignments, increase vocabulary and model more complex
sentences. (2 years)
Intermediate Fluency - correct answer ✔✔Has excellent comprehension and can use more complex
grammar. Teachers can start making frequent and detailed corrections.
Advanced Fluency - correct answer ✔✔Someone is very close to native fluency
Similarities of first and second language acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Learning stages are predictable,
mistakes are part of the process, there are context and clues, interaction is important, speaking is more
challenging than understanding, and prior knowledge helps.
Differences in first and second language acquisiton - correct answer ✔✔First language is natural instinct
that does not require instruction. Second language acquisition is a new aspect of life, requires conscious
effort and requires direct instruction. First language begins with words, second can begin with full
sentences.
Bilingual - correct answer ✔✔The ability to use two languages fluently
Multilingual - correct answer ✔✔Using or having the ability to use several languages with the same
amount of fluency
Development
Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔The process by which we learn to speak, write or even use
sign language in meaningful ways to communicate.
B.F. Skinner - correct answer ✔✔Behaviorist who argued language is a learned behavior.
Behaviorists - correct answer ✔✔Argue that we learn language by watching others and imitating them.
Classical Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Associating events with a reward (saying Dada and Dad being
happy)
Operant Conditioning - correct answer ✔✔Learning through rewards and punishments
Noam Chomsky / Chomsky's Linguistic Theory - correct answer ✔✔Believes that infants and children
learn language at a speed that can't be explained by behaviorism- Children learn rules of language and
apply them in their own way. He believes we are born with an innate ability to learn language.
Language Acquisition Device - correct answer ✔✔An area in our brains that makes learning language a
natural event.
Critical Period Hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔The believe that we have a time frame for learning new
language, and once that time is over, language acquisition becomes more difficult.
First Stages of Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Babbling Stage, One-Word Stage, Two-Word
Stage, then it picks up quickly.
5 Stages of Language Acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Pre-Production
Early Production
, Speech Emergent
Intermediate Fluency
Advanced Fluency
Pre-Produciton - correct answer ✔✔Minimal language comprehension. Not typically able to
communicate beyond nodding and pointing. (4-6 months)
Early Produciton - correct answer ✔✔Some comprehension, can string words together and can use the
present tense. Encourage students to speak more, repeat phrases, and build up synonyms and
antonyms. (6 months)
Speech Emergent - correct answer ✔✔Can produce simple sentences and understands well but still
misinterprts jokes. Include more advanced assignments, increase vocabulary and model more complex
sentences. (2 years)
Intermediate Fluency - correct answer ✔✔Has excellent comprehension and can use more complex
grammar. Teachers can start making frequent and detailed corrections.
Advanced Fluency - correct answer ✔✔Someone is very close to native fluency
Similarities of first and second language acquisition - correct answer ✔✔Learning stages are predictable,
mistakes are part of the process, there are context and clues, interaction is important, speaking is more
challenging than understanding, and prior knowledge helps.
Differences in first and second language acquisiton - correct answer ✔✔First language is natural instinct
that does not require instruction. Second language acquisition is a new aspect of life, requires conscious
effort and requires direct instruction. First language begins with words, second can begin with full
sentences.
Bilingual - correct answer ✔✔The ability to use two languages fluently
Multilingual - correct answer ✔✔Using or having the ability to use several languages with the same
amount of fluency
