SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 9

SLCC Pathophysiology Unit 9 30-60 min ️How long after eating does heartburn present? heartburn ️burning sensation produced by acid reflux into the esophagus. Chyme and gastric acid regurgitates into the esdophagus electrolyte imbalance ️what do over-the-counter heart burn medications cause? sodium, calcium, magnesium ️What electrolytes can become imbalanced due to heartburn medications? increased pain when lying down or bending over ️s/s of heartburn GERD ️gastroesophageal reflux disease heart attack ️What can heartburn mimic? GERD risk factors ️ Smoking, alcohol Caffeine, chocolate, fatty foods Pregnancy, obesity Hiatal Hernia Proton Pump Inhibitors ️What type of medications should be taken for GERD? Barrett's Esophagitis ️tissue of throat develops precancerous dysplasia leads to esophageal cancer ️Why can untreated heartburn be dangerous? risks factors for HH ️over 50, pregnancy, obesity, habitual vomiting, weight training, smoking, and alcohol are all what? GERD ️What almost always accompanies HH? cardiac complications ️What must be ruled out before treating what may believed to be a GI problem? Peptic Ulcer Disease ️PUD stands for helicobacter pylori ️H. pylori stands for H. pylori ️What bacteria is most commonly seen in stomach and duodenal ulcers? risk factors for PUD ️smoking, alcohol, NSAID use, shock, and critically ill patients are all what? s/s of PUD ️epigastric or chest pain that starts in the middle of the night (when the stomach has emptied) or 2 hours after eating. eating ️What often helps relieve peptic ulcer disease pain? low hCG and hct ️Ulcers are commonly found in patients who have unexplained what? anemia, profuse bleeding, stomach cancer ️What are the dangers of peptic ulcers? UGIB ️upper gastrointestinal bleeding Tests for PUD and UGIB ️CBC Hematocrit & Hemoglobin H. pylori blood test Occult blood smear EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy) to visualize and perhaps stop a GI bleed Biopsy of stomach tissue (to test for H. Pylori) - done during the EGD procedure combination drug therapy (antibiotics that kill H. pylori and acid suppresion) ️treatment of PUD cauterization ️treatment of UGIB duodenal ️what ulcers usually have a bacteria involved? duodenal, gastric ️What ulcers are relieved by eating? stress ️What ulcers are asymptomatic until hemorrhage pre-emptive acid suppresion ️Stress ulcers are so common in hospital patients that patients are often given what? acute perforated ulcer ️what would cause sudden agonizing pain and a rigid abdomen, and sepsis that can progress into shock. hematemesis ️blood in vomit bright red ️It is dangerous if hematemesis is coffee-ground color ️If hematemesis has had the blood par