SPH-V 241 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions

1. Hazard identification refers to the question of: - ANS-What are the health effects that this agent can cause? 2. Which of the following can be considered as a "safe" dose level for the general population? - ANS-RfD 3. To ensure the safety of all drinking water from the public water supply in the US, standards are set by: - ANS-The EPA 4. Dose-response assessments refers to the question of: - ANS-What is the relationship between dose and occurrence of health effects in humans (or animals)? 5. Water scarcity is defined as: - ANS-Annual supply of renewable freshwater LESS than 1,000 cubic meters per person. 6. Drinking water treatment involves all the following except: - ANS-Removal of all dissolved chemicals 7. Exposure assessment refers to the question of: - ANS-What exposures are currently experienced or anticipated under different conditions? 8. Particularly at risk for waterborne pathogens are: - ANS-All of the above (young children, elderly persons, patients who have HIV/AIDS, persons taking steroids) 9. The precautionary principle states that: - ANS-Preventative measures should be taken when an activity raises threats of harm to the environment. 10. Risk management refers to the question of: - ANS-None of the above 11. In the US, disinfection of drinking water with chlorine or other methods is done to remove: - ANS-Pathogenic microorganisms 12. Potential water hazards that are not controlled by current treatment methods are: - ANS-Solvents 13. The polluter- pays principle states that: - ANS-A polluter should bear the expense of carrying out pollution prevention and control measures. 14. Which of the following is not covered under the Endangered Species Act? - ANS-All are covered (mammals, crustaceans, insects, trees) 15. Coagulation during water treatment is designed to remove: - ANS-Particles suspended in water 1. The four steps in risk assessment are _____, ______, ______, ______ - ANS-Hazard identification Dose-response assessment Exposure assessment Risk Management 2. Exposure assessment is the determination or estimation (qualitative or quantitative) of the ____, ____, ____ and ____. - ANS-Magnitude Frequency Capacity Route of exposure 3a. Develops and enforces regulations that implement environmental laws enacted by Congress - ANS-EPA 3b. Conduct research to reduce work-related injuries and illnesses - ANS-NIOSH 3c. Serve as the principal federal public agency involved with hazardous waste issues - ANS-ASTDR 3d. Reduce the burden of human illness and dysfunction due to environmental causes - ANS-NIEHS 3e. Monitor the state of the environment in Europe - ANS-EEA 4. Based on the results of hypothesis testing listed in the table below, the NOAEL level for this data set is ___mg/kg/day; and the LOAEL level is ___mg/kg/day. Dose0- 1/50 Dose10- 3/50- 0.2499 Dose30- 4/49- 0.1481 Dose75- 10/48- 0.0029 Dose150- 19/49- 0.0000022 - ANS-30 mg/kg/day 75 mg/kg/day 5. The 4 principles of environmental policy development are the ____, ____, ____, ____. - ANS-Development Implementation Establishment Assessment 6. The four stages of treatment at most water treatment plants are ____, ____, ____, ____. - ANS-Coagulation Sedimentation Filtration Disinfection 7. The mission of the EPA is to protect ___