CSET Social Science Subtest 3
History
How historical events have shaped political thought and process.
Sociology
The effects of various stages of social development on the growth and development of government and
politics.
Brainpower
Read More
Anthropology
The effects of governmental process on the culture of an individual group and its relationship with other
groups.
Economic
how government policies regulate distribution of products and how they control and or influence the
economy in general
ensuring national security
the government protects against international, domestic, and terrorist attacks and also ensures ongoing
security through negotiating and establishing relationships with other governments
,Providing Public Services
the government should "promote the general welfare," as stated in the Preamble to the US
Constitution, by providing whatever is needed to its citizens
Ensuring social order
government supplies means of settling conflicts among citizens as well as making laws to govern the
nation, state, or city
Making Decisions regarding the economy
laws help form the economic policy of the country, regarding both domestic and international trade and
related issues. The government also has the ability to distribute goods and wealth to some extent
among its citizens
Evolutionary
The state evolved from the family. with the head of state the equivalent of the family's patriarch of
matriarch
Force
One person or group of people brought everyone in a n area under their control, forming the first
government.
Divine Right
,Certain people were chosen by the prevailing deity to be the rulers of the nation, which is itself created
by the deity or deities
Social Contract
There is no natural order. The people allow themselves to be governed to maintain social order, while
the state in turn promises to protect the people they govern. If the government fails to protect its
people, the people have the right to seek new leaders, the government fails to protect its people, the
people have the right to seek new leaders.
Thomas Aquinas
Adapted the ideas of Aristotle to a Christian perspective. His idea stated that individuals should have
certain rights, but also certain duties and that these rights and duties should determine the type and
extent of government rule. in stating that laws should limit the role of governments, he laid the
groundwork for ideas that would eventually become modern constitutionalism.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Author of The Prince. Was a proponent of politics based on power. He is often considered the founder
of modern political science.
Thomas Hobbes
, Author of Leviathan (1651), believed that individuals' lives were focused solely on a quest for power,
and that the state must work to control this urge. Hobbes felt that the people were completely unable
to live harmoniously without the intervention of a powerful, undivided government.
John Locke
Published Two Treaties of Govermnent in 1689. This work argued against the ideas of Thomas Hobbes.
He put forth the Theory of Tabula Rasa - That people are born with minds like blank slates. Individual
minds are molded by experience, not innate knowledge or intuition. He also believed that all men
should be independent and equal. Many of Locke's ideas found their way into the constitution of the
United States.
Montesquieu & Rousseau
They heavily influence the French Revolution. Government policies and ideas should change to alleviate
existing problems (liberalism). Rousseau wrote, "The Social Contract", "The Declaration of the Rights of
Man", and "The Citizen". There ideas also included:
- Individual freedom and community welfare are of equal importance
- Man's innate goodness leads to natural harmony.
- Reason develops with the rise of civilized society.
- Individual citizens carry certain obligations to the existing government.
David Hume and Jeremy Bentham
History
How historical events have shaped political thought and process.
Sociology
The effects of various stages of social development on the growth and development of government and
politics.
Brainpower
Read More
Anthropology
The effects of governmental process on the culture of an individual group and its relationship with other
groups.
Economic
how government policies regulate distribution of products and how they control and or influence the
economy in general
ensuring national security
the government protects against international, domestic, and terrorist attacks and also ensures ongoing
security through negotiating and establishing relationships with other governments
,Providing Public Services
the government should "promote the general welfare," as stated in the Preamble to the US
Constitution, by providing whatever is needed to its citizens
Ensuring social order
government supplies means of settling conflicts among citizens as well as making laws to govern the
nation, state, or city
Making Decisions regarding the economy
laws help form the economic policy of the country, regarding both domestic and international trade and
related issues. The government also has the ability to distribute goods and wealth to some extent
among its citizens
Evolutionary
The state evolved from the family. with the head of state the equivalent of the family's patriarch of
matriarch
Force
One person or group of people brought everyone in a n area under their control, forming the first
government.
Divine Right
,Certain people were chosen by the prevailing deity to be the rulers of the nation, which is itself created
by the deity or deities
Social Contract
There is no natural order. The people allow themselves to be governed to maintain social order, while
the state in turn promises to protect the people they govern. If the government fails to protect its
people, the people have the right to seek new leaders, the government fails to protect its people, the
people have the right to seek new leaders.
Thomas Aquinas
Adapted the ideas of Aristotle to a Christian perspective. His idea stated that individuals should have
certain rights, but also certain duties and that these rights and duties should determine the type and
extent of government rule. in stating that laws should limit the role of governments, he laid the
groundwork for ideas that would eventually become modern constitutionalism.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Author of The Prince. Was a proponent of politics based on power. He is often considered the founder
of modern political science.
Thomas Hobbes
, Author of Leviathan (1651), believed that individuals' lives were focused solely on a quest for power,
and that the state must work to control this urge. Hobbes felt that the people were completely unable
to live harmoniously without the intervention of a powerful, undivided government.
John Locke
Published Two Treaties of Govermnent in 1689. This work argued against the ideas of Thomas Hobbes.
He put forth the Theory of Tabula Rasa - That people are born with minds like blank slates. Individual
minds are molded by experience, not innate knowledge or intuition. He also believed that all men
should be independent and equal. Many of Locke's ideas found their way into the constitution of the
United States.
Montesquieu & Rousseau
They heavily influence the French Revolution. Government policies and ideas should change to alleviate
existing problems (liberalism). Rousseau wrote, "The Social Contract", "The Declaration of the Rights of
Man", and "The Citizen". There ideas also included:
- Individual freedom and community welfare are of equal importance
- Man's innate goodness leads to natural harmony.
- Reason develops with the rise of civilized society.
- Individual citizens carry certain obligations to the existing government.
David Hume and Jeremy Bentham
