HESI EAQ gerontology All Answers Correct
1. The nurse is preparing to teach a community health program for senior citizens. Which physical
findings would the nurse include that are typical in older adults?
- 1. Increased skin elasticity and an increase in testosterone production
- 2. Impaired fat digestion and an increase in pepsin production
- 3. Increased blood pressure and decreased cardiac output
- 4. An increase in body warmth and some swallowing difficulties
Rationale: With aging, there is typically an increase in systolic and sometimes diastolic blood pressure
due to arterial stiffness. Cardiac output tends to decrease as cardiac reserve diminishes with age.
2. Which intervention would the nurse include when developing a plan of care for an older client with
dementia?
- 1. Explain to the client the details of the regimen.
- 2. Demonstrate interest in the client's various likes and dislikes.
- 3. Be firm when dealing with the client's attitudes and behaviors.
- 4. Provide consistency in carrying out nursing activities for the client.
Rationale: Consistency in care activities helps provide structure and familiarity for clients with
dementia, which can reduce confusion and agitation.
3. Which theory proposes that older adults experience a shift from a materialistic to cosmic view of the
world?
- 1. Activity theory
- 2. Continuity theory
- 3. Disengagement theory
- 4. Gerotranscendence theory
Rationale: Gerotranscendence theory suggests that as individuals age, they may develop a broader,
more cosmic perspective on life and self.
, 4. Which finding in older adult clients is associated with aging?
- 1. Decrease in height
- 2. Decreased neck rigidity
- 3. Increased fine-motor dexterity
- 4. Increased range of motion (ROM)
Rationale: Decrease in height is a common age-related change due to vertebral compression and loss
of bone density.
An older client with Alzheimer type dementia, consistently sleeps in a semi-Fowler position in bed.
Which area of the client's body would the nurse consider a high risk for developing a pressure injury?
✔️Correct 1 Sacrum
2 Scapulae
3 Ischial spine
4 Greater trochanter
Which type of bone tumor occurs most commonly in elderly clients? ✔️1 Endochroma
2 Osteosarcoma
Correct 3 Chondrosarcoma
4 Osteochondroma
Chondrosarcoma occurs most commonly in cartilage in the arm, leg, and pelvic bones of older adults in
the age group of 50 to 70 years old. Endochroma occurs in clients in the age group of 10 to 20 years old.
Osteosarcoma and osteochondroma occur in the age group of 10 to 25 years old.
Which characteristic of a therapeutic milieu would the nurse consider important for a confused older
adult with socially aggressive behavior? ✔️Correct 1 Sets limits
2 Has variety
3 Is group oriented
4 Allows freedom of expression
1. The nurse is preparing to teach a community health program for senior citizens. Which physical
findings would the nurse include that are typical in older adults?
- 1. Increased skin elasticity and an increase in testosterone production
- 2. Impaired fat digestion and an increase in pepsin production
- 3. Increased blood pressure and decreased cardiac output
- 4. An increase in body warmth and some swallowing difficulties
Rationale: With aging, there is typically an increase in systolic and sometimes diastolic blood pressure
due to arterial stiffness. Cardiac output tends to decrease as cardiac reserve diminishes with age.
2. Which intervention would the nurse include when developing a plan of care for an older client with
dementia?
- 1. Explain to the client the details of the regimen.
- 2. Demonstrate interest in the client's various likes and dislikes.
- 3. Be firm when dealing with the client's attitudes and behaviors.
- 4. Provide consistency in carrying out nursing activities for the client.
Rationale: Consistency in care activities helps provide structure and familiarity for clients with
dementia, which can reduce confusion and agitation.
3. Which theory proposes that older adults experience a shift from a materialistic to cosmic view of the
world?
- 1. Activity theory
- 2. Continuity theory
- 3. Disengagement theory
- 4. Gerotranscendence theory
Rationale: Gerotranscendence theory suggests that as individuals age, they may develop a broader,
more cosmic perspective on life and self.
, 4. Which finding in older adult clients is associated with aging?
- 1. Decrease in height
- 2. Decreased neck rigidity
- 3. Increased fine-motor dexterity
- 4. Increased range of motion (ROM)
Rationale: Decrease in height is a common age-related change due to vertebral compression and loss
of bone density.
An older client with Alzheimer type dementia, consistently sleeps in a semi-Fowler position in bed.
Which area of the client's body would the nurse consider a high risk for developing a pressure injury?
✔️Correct 1 Sacrum
2 Scapulae
3 Ischial spine
4 Greater trochanter
Which type of bone tumor occurs most commonly in elderly clients? ✔️1 Endochroma
2 Osteosarcoma
Correct 3 Chondrosarcoma
4 Osteochondroma
Chondrosarcoma occurs most commonly in cartilage in the arm, leg, and pelvic bones of older adults in
the age group of 50 to 70 years old. Endochroma occurs in clients in the age group of 10 to 20 years old.
Osteosarcoma and osteochondroma occur in the age group of 10 to 25 years old.
Which characteristic of a therapeutic milieu would the nurse consider important for a confused older
adult with socially aggressive behavior? ✔️Correct 1 Sets limits
2 Has variety
3 Is group oriented
4 Allows freedom of expression
