68W ALC Phase 3 Test 2 LPC
When would you likely see Lhermitte's sign - ANS-Following a whiplash syndrome injury
When visualizing back what should you look for for injuries? - ANS-edema, erythema,
ecchymosis, battle sign, neuro changes, step offs
Primary spinal cord injury - ANS-Results from cord being cut, torn, or crushed or by its
blood supply being cut off
Secondary Spinal Cord injury - ANS-Caused by secondary effects from injury. Occurs
from hypotension, generalized hypoxia, injury to blood vessels, edema, compression of
cord from surrounding hemorrhage
What are some causes of sciatica? - ANS-Caused by injury to or compression of sciatic
nerve. Usually due to intervertebral disk herniation causing compression of nerve roots
Special Test for Sciatica - ANS-Straight Leg Raise
How much PT can usually manage Sciatica - ANS-3-4 weeks with medication for px
Common exam findings with Sciatica - ANS-Abnormal Posturing
< ROM
< Muscle strength
What is the difference between muscle spasm and cramp? - ANS-Force of the
contraction. If it is quick contraction and release of muscle without px it is spasm. Cramp
is prolonged with px
Special Test for Muscle Strain - ANS-MRI
Special Test for muscle spasm - ANS-Blood test
Why do you use a blood test for muscle spasms? - ANS-Check Na and other
electrolytes for causing factors
Number one cause of TBI in combat - ANS-Blast injuries
What are the three types of TBIs - ANS-Mild, Moderate, Severe
, S/Sx Mild TBI - ANS-Transient confusion, Delayed verbal or motor response,
Disorientation, Slurred or coherent speech, Any period of LOC
What is the most common type of TBI? - ANS-Mild. Dead Man Walking
S/Sx Moderate/Severe TBI - ANS-LOC, Personality change, Severe persistent
Headache, Repeating N&V, SZ, Inability to awaken, Dilation of both pupils, Slurred
speech, Weakness or numbness in extremities, Loss of coordination, Increased
confusion,
What does MACE stand for? - ANS-Military Acute Concussion Evaluation
How often should Neuro testing be performed? - ANS-Semiannually or as mission
dictates to ID TBIs
What are the five domains of MACE? - ANS-Orientation, Immediate Memory,
Neurological Screening, Concentration, Delayed Recall
What are the mandated events that require MACE - ANS-1) Involved in vehicle
associated blast event, collision, rollover
2) Within 50 meters of blast
3) Anyone who sustains a direct blow to head
4) Command directed, such as but not limited to repeated exposures
What is a Red Flag - ANS-Ominous sign of a worsening condition.
Level 2 Evacuation Decision Red Flags - ANS-1) Any positive answer to MACE items
V-VIII
2) Double vision
3) Worsening Headache
4) Cant recognize people; Disorientation to place
5) LOC >5 min
6) Weakness/numbness in arms/legs
Level 3 Evacuation Decision Red Flags - ANS-1) Progressively declining levels of
consciousness
2) Pupil asymmetry
3) SZ
4) Repeated Vomitting
When would you likely see Lhermitte's sign - ANS-Following a whiplash syndrome injury
When visualizing back what should you look for for injuries? - ANS-edema, erythema,
ecchymosis, battle sign, neuro changes, step offs
Primary spinal cord injury - ANS-Results from cord being cut, torn, or crushed or by its
blood supply being cut off
Secondary Spinal Cord injury - ANS-Caused by secondary effects from injury. Occurs
from hypotension, generalized hypoxia, injury to blood vessels, edema, compression of
cord from surrounding hemorrhage
What are some causes of sciatica? - ANS-Caused by injury to or compression of sciatic
nerve. Usually due to intervertebral disk herniation causing compression of nerve roots
Special Test for Sciatica - ANS-Straight Leg Raise
How much PT can usually manage Sciatica - ANS-3-4 weeks with medication for px
Common exam findings with Sciatica - ANS-Abnormal Posturing
< ROM
< Muscle strength
What is the difference between muscle spasm and cramp? - ANS-Force of the
contraction. If it is quick contraction and release of muscle without px it is spasm. Cramp
is prolonged with px
Special Test for Muscle Strain - ANS-MRI
Special Test for muscle spasm - ANS-Blood test
Why do you use a blood test for muscle spasms? - ANS-Check Na and other
electrolytes for causing factors
Number one cause of TBI in combat - ANS-Blast injuries
What are the three types of TBIs - ANS-Mild, Moderate, Severe
, S/Sx Mild TBI - ANS-Transient confusion, Delayed verbal or motor response,
Disorientation, Slurred or coherent speech, Any period of LOC
What is the most common type of TBI? - ANS-Mild. Dead Man Walking
S/Sx Moderate/Severe TBI - ANS-LOC, Personality change, Severe persistent
Headache, Repeating N&V, SZ, Inability to awaken, Dilation of both pupils, Slurred
speech, Weakness or numbness in extremities, Loss of coordination, Increased
confusion,
What does MACE stand for? - ANS-Military Acute Concussion Evaluation
How often should Neuro testing be performed? - ANS-Semiannually or as mission
dictates to ID TBIs
What are the five domains of MACE? - ANS-Orientation, Immediate Memory,
Neurological Screening, Concentration, Delayed Recall
What are the mandated events that require MACE - ANS-1) Involved in vehicle
associated blast event, collision, rollover
2) Within 50 meters of blast
3) Anyone who sustains a direct blow to head
4) Command directed, such as but not limited to repeated exposures
What is a Red Flag - ANS-Ominous sign of a worsening condition.
Level 2 Evacuation Decision Red Flags - ANS-1) Any positive answer to MACE items
V-VIII
2) Double vision
3) Worsening Headache
4) Cant recognize people; Disorientation to place
5) LOC >5 min
6) Weakness/numbness in arms/legs
Level 3 Evacuation Decision Red Flags - ANS-1) Progressively declining levels of
consciousness
2) Pupil asymmetry
3) SZ
4) Repeated Vomitting
