APHY 102 Final Exam
A hormone is a secreted molecule that is carried in the bloodstream to where it acts on
target cells that bear specific receptors for that hormone.
- True
- False - ANS-True
Maxwell has a very high metabolic rate, is skinny, and has protruding eyes. These are
symptoms of
-Hyperthyroidism
-Hypothyroidism
-hyperparathyroidism
-hypoparathyroidism - ANS-hyperthyroidism
Steroid hormones diffuse through cell membranes, then bind with receptors, whereas
nonsteroid hormones bind receptors on the target cell membrane.
- True
- False - ANS-True
The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the
-pituitary gland
-concentration of blood calcium
-hypothalamus
-thyroid gland - ANS-concentration of blood calcium
As a result of the general stress response, blood concentrations of epinephrine
-fall and cortisol rise
-and cortisol fall
-rise and cortisol fall
-and cortisol rise - ANS-and cortisol rise
Choose the example that does not demonstrate a negative feedback loop of hormonal
control
- A hormone that increases blood pressure is released. Baroreceptors in the arteries
sense the pressure change and stimulate the brainstem to send signals to dilate blood
vessels and counter the effect, decreasing blood pressure.
- A gland releases hormone that causes free blood glucose to be collected and stored
after a meal. After a time, the gland detects low free blood glucose and ceases
production of the hormone.
,- Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby against and through the cervix
during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release a hormone that causes uterine
contractions. This causes more pressure receptor stimulation, leading to larger releases
of the hormone and stronger, more frequent contractions. Hormone release ceases after
pressure sensations cease. - ANS-Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby
against and through the cervix during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release
a hormone that causes uterine contractions. This causes more pressure receptor
stimulation, leading to larger releases of the hormone and stronger, more frequent
contractions. Hormone release ceases after pressure sensations cease.
Steroid hormones
- Are very soluble in water
- include epinephrine and norepinephrine
-Must interact with membrane receptors because they are never membrane permeable.
- Are soluble in lipids - ANS-Are soluble in lipids
Hormones that the posterior pituitary secretes are synthesized in the
- Anterior pituitary
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Posterior pituitary - ANS-- Hypothalamus
A person under stress may have a lowered resistance to infection
-True
-False - ANS-True
"Endocrine" means
- Hormone synthesis
- Acts upon target cells
- Fast-acting compound
- Internal secretion - ANS-Internal secretion
Nonsteroid hormones include peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, and amines
- True
- False - ANS-True
A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed
to bright lights during both night and day. The unusual pattern of light exposure is
disturbing their _____, which controls the release of the hormone ____.
- Metabolic rate; thyroxine
,- Circulatory system; dopamine
- Limbic system; thymosin
- Circadian rhythm; melatonin - ANS-Circadian rhythm; melatonin
A female patient is experiencing a hormonal imbalance that is causing her to skip
menstrual periods due to low estrogen and miss ovulation. Which of the following is
most likely the imbalanced hormone?
- Prolactin-releasing factor
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone
- Follicle-stimulating hormone
- Growth hormone - ANS-Follicle-stimulating hormone
Oxytocin stimulates the kidneys to conserve water
- True
- False - ANS-False
The thymus gland secretes hormones called _____ that _____.
- Thyroxines; control metabolism
- Prostaglandins; control strength
- Thymosins; control production and differentiation of white blood cells
- Melatonins; control circadian rhythms - ANS-Thymosins; control production and
differentiation of white blood cells
Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands
- Secrete only into the bloodstream
- secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior
- only secrete salts
- secrete only local hormones - ANS-secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's
exterior
The target cells of releasing hormones are in the anterior pituitary glands
- True
- False - ANS-True
The hormone that the pineal gland secretes is
- Myostatin
- Melanoma
- Beta endorphin
- Melatonin - ANS-Melatonin
, Secretion of insulin causes
- An increase in the concentration of blood glucose
- A decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
- An increase in the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose
- A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose - ANS-A decrease in the
concentration of blood glucose
A hormone that stimulates calcium deposition into bone is
- insulin
- thyroxine
- calcitonin
- parathyroid hormone - ANS-calcitonin
The _____ secretes triiodothyronine
- adrenal gland
- parathyroid gland
- pancreas
- thyroid gland - ANS-thyroid gland
The sex hormones from the adrenal cortex are primarily androgens
- True
- False - ANS-True
A hormone is a _____ and a target cell is _____.
- A molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for
specific hormones
- Protein that stimulates other cells; the source of hormone secretions
- Regulatory molecule that controls secretions of other cells; a cell that synthesizes
hormones
- Molecule; a cell that does not have receptors - ANS-A molecule that has a metabolic
effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones
A sweat gland is an example of a(n) _____ gland.
- Endocrine
- Exocrine
- Paracrine
- Autocrine - ANS-Exocrine
Simple goiter is most prevalent where the soil lacks
- Vitamins
A hormone is a secreted molecule that is carried in the bloodstream to where it acts on
target cells that bear specific receptors for that hormone.
- True
- False - ANS-True
Maxwell has a very high metabolic rate, is skinny, and has protruding eyes. These are
symptoms of
-Hyperthyroidism
-Hypothyroidism
-hyperparathyroidism
-hypoparathyroidism - ANS-hyperthyroidism
Steroid hormones diffuse through cell membranes, then bind with receptors, whereas
nonsteroid hormones bind receptors on the target cell membrane.
- True
- False - ANS-True
The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the
-pituitary gland
-concentration of blood calcium
-hypothalamus
-thyroid gland - ANS-concentration of blood calcium
As a result of the general stress response, blood concentrations of epinephrine
-fall and cortisol rise
-and cortisol fall
-rise and cortisol fall
-and cortisol rise - ANS-and cortisol rise
Choose the example that does not demonstrate a negative feedback loop of hormonal
control
- A hormone that increases blood pressure is released. Baroreceptors in the arteries
sense the pressure change and stimulate the brainstem to send signals to dilate blood
vessels and counter the effect, decreasing blood pressure.
- A gland releases hormone that causes free blood glucose to be collected and stored
after a meal. After a time, the gland detects low free blood glucose and ceases
production of the hormone.
,- Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby against and through the cervix
during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release a hormone that causes uterine
contractions. This causes more pressure receptor stimulation, leading to larger releases
of the hormone and stronger, more frequent contractions. Hormone release ceases after
pressure sensations cease. - ANS-Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby
against and through the cervix during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release
a hormone that causes uterine contractions. This causes more pressure receptor
stimulation, leading to larger releases of the hormone and stronger, more frequent
contractions. Hormone release ceases after pressure sensations cease.
Steroid hormones
- Are very soluble in water
- include epinephrine and norepinephrine
-Must interact with membrane receptors because they are never membrane permeable.
- Are soluble in lipids - ANS-Are soluble in lipids
Hormones that the posterior pituitary secretes are synthesized in the
- Anterior pituitary
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Posterior pituitary - ANS-- Hypothalamus
A person under stress may have a lowered resistance to infection
-True
-False - ANS-True
"Endocrine" means
- Hormone synthesis
- Acts upon target cells
- Fast-acting compound
- Internal secretion - ANS-Internal secretion
Nonsteroid hormones include peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, and amines
- True
- False - ANS-True
A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed
to bright lights during both night and day. The unusual pattern of light exposure is
disturbing their _____, which controls the release of the hormone ____.
- Metabolic rate; thyroxine
,- Circulatory system; dopamine
- Limbic system; thymosin
- Circadian rhythm; melatonin - ANS-Circadian rhythm; melatonin
A female patient is experiencing a hormonal imbalance that is causing her to skip
menstrual periods due to low estrogen and miss ovulation. Which of the following is
most likely the imbalanced hormone?
- Prolactin-releasing factor
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone
- Follicle-stimulating hormone
- Growth hormone - ANS-Follicle-stimulating hormone
Oxytocin stimulates the kidneys to conserve water
- True
- False - ANS-False
The thymus gland secretes hormones called _____ that _____.
- Thyroxines; control metabolism
- Prostaglandins; control strength
- Thymosins; control production and differentiation of white blood cells
- Melatonins; control circadian rhythms - ANS-Thymosins; control production and
differentiation of white blood cells
Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands
- Secrete only into the bloodstream
- secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior
- only secrete salts
- secrete only local hormones - ANS-secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's
exterior
The target cells of releasing hormones are in the anterior pituitary glands
- True
- False - ANS-True
The hormone that the pineal gland secretes is
- Myostatin
- Melanoma
- Beta endorphin
- Melatonin - ANS-Melatonin
, Secretion of insulin causes
- An increase in the concentration of blood glucose
- A decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
- An increase in the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose
- A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose - ANS-A decrease in the
concentration of blood glucose
A hormone that stimulates calcium deposition into bone is
- insulin
- thyroxine
- calcitonin
- parathyroid hormone - ANS-calcitonin
The _____ secretes triiodothyronine
- adrenal gland
- parathyroid gland
- pancreas
- thyroid gland - ANS-thyroid gland
The sex hormones from the adrenal cortex are primarily androgens
- True
- False - ANS-True
A hormone is a _____ and a target cell is _____.
- A molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for
specific hormones
- Protein that stimulates other cells; the source of hormone secretions
- Regulatory molecule that controls secretions of other cells; a cell that synthesizes
hormones
- Molecule; a cell that does not have receptors - ANS-A molecule that has a metabolic
effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones
A sweat gland is an example of a(n) _____ gland.
- Endocrine
- Exocrine
- Paracrine
- Autocrine - ANS-Exocrine
Simple goiter is most prevalent where the soil lacks
- Vitamins
