Chapter 12 - Personality
what is personality?-✔✔ a person’s general way of interacting with the world
what is personality consistancy?-✔✔ stability of the behaviour over time and across
situations
what is personality distinctiveness?-✔✔ different people react to the same situation in
different ways
what is a personality trait?-✔✔ durable disposition to behave in a particular way
what is the five-factor model of personality traits (big five personality factors)-✔✔
openness to experience
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism
(OCEAN)
who made the five factor model of personality traits-✔✔ mccrae and costa
what big five personality factor tends to be more politcally liberal-✔✔ openness to
experience
what big five personality factor tends to live longer-✔✔ conscientiousness
what big five personality factor is less likely to be divorced-✔✔ conscientiousness
what is uncontrollable stigma?-✔✔ when we attach negative correlation (judgement) to
people who we think have a “controllable fault”
aka, judging people for smoking because it’s a behaviour that they can control
what was freud’s theories focused on? (3)-✔✔ early childhood experiences
unconcious motives and conflicts
inhibited sexual and aggresive urges
what are the three levels of awareness (freud)-✔✔ conscious
unconcious
, presconcious
according to freud, what is the structure of personality? (3)-✔✔ id
ego
superego
what is id?-✔✔ raw biological urges, innate drives we are born with
(eating, sleeping, bathroom, sex)
id operates according to what principle?-✔✔ pleasure principle
what principle does superego operate according to?-✔✔ idealistic principle
what is superego?-✔✔ moral guide / conscience influenced by internalizing parents’
values and the voice of society
what works against id by inflicting guilt?-✔✔ superego
what is ego?-✔✔ assesses what is realistically possible in satisfying the id and/or
superego
what principle does ego operate according to?-✔✔ reality principle
what is consciousness?-✔✔ acute awareness, things you are thinking about right now
what is preconsciousness?-✔✔ just under awareness, easily known
ex. accessing the answer to the question “what are you having for dinner tonight?”
what is unconciousness?-✔✔ well below awareness, difficult to know but very
influential
according to freud, personality is the result of the battle for control between what?
(3)-✔✔ id, ego, and superego
what is repression?-✔✔ ego keeps threatening impulses out of awareness
what is denial?-✔✔ ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety-producing realities
what is personality?-✔✔ a person’s general way of interacting with the world
what is personality consistancy?-✔✔ stability of the behaviour over time and across
situations
what is personality distinctiveness?-✔✔ different people react to the same situation in
different ways
what is a personality trait?-✔✔ durable disposition to behave in a particular way
what is the five-factor model of personality traits (big five personality factors)-✔✔
openness to experience
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism
(OCEAN)
who made the five factor model of personality traits-✔✔ mccrae and costa
what big five personality factor tends to be more politcally liberal-✔✔ openness to
experience
what big five personality factor tends to live longer-✔✔ conscientiousness
what big five personality factor is less likely to be divorced-✔✔ conscientiousness
what is uncontrollable stigma?-✔✔ when we attach negative correlation (judgement) to
people who we think have a “controllable fault”
aka, judging people for smoking because it’s a behaviour that they can control
what was freud’s theories focused on? (3)-✔✔ early childhood experiences
unconcious motives and conflicts
inhibited sexual and aggresive urges
what are the three levels of awareness (freud)-✔✔ conscious
unconcious
, presconcious
according to freud, what is the structure of personality? (3)-✔✔ id
ego
superego
what is id?-✔✔ raw biological urges, innate drives we are born with
(eating, sleeping, bathroom, sex)
id operates according to what principle?-✔✔ pleasure principle
what principle does superego operate according to?-✔✔ idealistic principle
what is superego?-✔✔ moral guide / conscience influenced by internalizing parents’
values and the voice of society
what works against id by inflicting guilt?-✔✔ superego
what is ego?-✔✔ assesses what is realistically possible in satisfying the id and/or
superego
what principle does ego operate according to?-✔✔ reality principle
what is consciousness?-✔✔ acute awareness, things you are thinking about right now
what is preconsciousness?-✔✔ just under awareness, easily known
ex. accessing the answer to the question “what are you having for dinner tonight?”
what is unconciousness?-✔✔ well below awareness, difficult to know but very
influential
according to freud, personality is the result of the battle for control between what?
(3)-✔✔ id, ego, and superego
what is repression?-✔✔ ego keeps threatening impulses out of awareness
what is denial?-✔✔ ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety-producing realities
