PHTLS BLOCK EXAM STUDY GUIDE #15
Level 1 Trauma Center - correct answer Regional Trauma Center, All types of specialty
surgical care 24/7, (Surgical suites, Surgeons, Blood, CT, X-Ray ... All in house),
Tertiary - all levels of care
Ex... County USC, Cedars, UCLA- Ronald Regan, UCLA- Harbor General
Level 2 Trauma Center - correct answer Area Trauma Center,
Most common trauma emergencies with surgical capabilities 24/7, (can handle most
common types of trauma)
Ex.... St. Francis
Level 3 Trauma Center - correct answer Community Trauma Center,
Specialized ED and some surgical capability
(the speciality staff is on call and has 30 mins to get to hospital)
Level 4 Trauma Center - correct answer small community hospitals, (they have to
stabilize and transfer)
Have ER DR but no surgeon
What are run sheets used for? - correct answer QI, Research, Trauma Registry,
What are the 4 e's? - correct answer Engineering -(roads, airbags, pool alarms)
Enforcement -(laws)
Education -(safety classes)
Economics -(government grants)
What is an injury? - correct answer being hurt or killed
What is trauma? - correct answer inflicted wounds or injury
What is an accident? - correct answer an event that is unforeseen or without apparent
cause
What is a disease? - correct answer an unhealthy condition, illness, or disorder
Why is the Highway Safety Act of 1966 important? - correct answer lead to development
of EMS
"White Paper" - Accidental Death & Disability, The Neglected Disease of a Modern
Society
Why is the American College of Surgeons important? - correct answer 1990: trauma
care systems planning and development act
, (established guidelines, funding and state-level leadership for the development of
trauma systems)
What are the leading causes of death in adults & children? - correct answer Adults -
MVC
Children - Falls
In trauma how many die in 1st hr? - correct answer 50%
Fix = Injury Prevention
In trauma how many die in 4 hrs? - correct answer 30%
Fix = good prehospital and hospital care
In trauma how many die days or weeks later? - correct answer 20% (due to hypoxia,
hypotension, end organ failure)
Fix = aggressive shock management
What is Precrash? - correct answer Age, medical hx, drugs, alcohol
What are the 3 phases of a Crash? - correct answer 1. Car into tree
2. Person into steering wheel
3. Organs into body
What is the main purpose of car restraints? - correct answer to slow the occupant down
with the vehicle
Platinum 10 mins are used for what? - correct answer 1. Identify life-threats
2. Perform key interventions
3. Rapid extrication were indicated
4. Timely transport to an appropriate facility
5. Early notification to the receiving facility
Trauma is the leading cause of death in what age group? - correct answer 1 - 44
What is anatomical trauma criteria? - correct answer Specific injuries (bi-lat femur fx)
What is mechanical trauma criteria? - correct answer Type of incident / MOI (blunt head,
penetrating trauma, PSI)
What is physiological trauma criteria? - correct answer vitals signs (ALOC, hypotension
GCS < 15)
What is newtons 1st law? - correct answer Body at rest will remain at rest and a body in
motion will remain in motion until acted upon by an outside force
Level 1 Trauma Center - correct answer Regional Trauma Center, All types of specialty
surgical care 24/7, (Surgical suites, Surgeons, Blood, CT, X-Ray ... All in house),
Tertiary - all levels of care
Ex... County USC, Cedars, UCLA- Ronald Regan, UCLA- Harbor General
Level 2 Trauma Center - correct answer Area Trauma Center,
Most common trauma emergencies with surgical capabilities 24/7, (can handle most
common types of trauma)
Ex.... St. Francis
Level 3 Trauma Center - correct answer Community Trauma Center,
Specialized ED and some surgical capability
(the speciality staff is on call and has 30 mins to get to hospital)
Level 4 Trauma Center - correct answer small community hospitals, (they have to
stabilize and transfer)
Have ER DR but no surgeon
What are run sheets used for? - correct answer QI, Research, Trauma Registry,
What are the 4 e's? - correct answer Engineering -(roads, airbags, pool alarms)
Enforcement -(laws)
Education -(safety classes)
Economics -(government grants)
What is an injury? - correct answer being hurt or killed
What is trauma? - correct answer inflicted wounds or injury
What is an accident? - correct answer an event that is unforeseen or without apparent
cause
What is a disease? - correct answer an unhealthy condition, illness, or disorder
Why is the Highway Safety Act of 1966 important? - correct answer lead to development
of EMS
"White Paper" - Accidental Death & Disability, The Neglected Disease of a Modern
Society
Why is the American College of Surgeons important? - correct answer 1990: trauma
care systems planning and development act
, (established guidelines, funding and state-level leadership for the development of
trauma systems)
What are the leading causes of death in adults & children? - correct answer Adults -
MVC
Children - Falls
In trauma how many die in 1st hr? - correct answer 50%
Fix = Injury Prevention
In trauma how many die in 4 hrs? - correct answer 30%
Fix = good prehospital and hospital care
In trauma how many die days or weeks later? - correct answer 20% (due to hypoxia,
hypotension, end organ failure)
Fix = aggressive shock management
What is Precrash? - correct answer Age, medical hx, drugs, alcohol
What are the 3 phases of a Crash? - correct answer 1. Car into tree
2. Person into steering wheel
3. Organs into body
What is the main purpose of car restraints? - correct answer to slow the occupant down
with the vehicle
Platinum 10 mins are used for what? - correct answer 1. Identify life-threats
2. Perform key interventions
3. Rapid extrication were indicated
4. Timely transport to an appropriate facility
5. Early notification to the receiving facility
Trauma is the leading cause of death in what age group? - correct answer 1 - 44
What is anatomical trauma criteria? - correct answer Specific injuries (bi-lat femur fx)
What is mechanical trauma criteria? - correct answer Type of incident / MOI (blunt head,
penetrating trauma, PSI)
What is physiological trauma criteria? - correct answer vitals signs (ALOC, hypotension
GCS < 15)
What is newtons 1st law? - correct answer Body at rest will remain at rest and a body in
motion will remain in motion until acted upon by an outside force
