AQA Sociology Education (A Level) Question
Paper & Mark scheme (Merged) June 2024
[VERIFIED]
Bernstein (1973) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔w/c
students underachieve because they are
socialised into a restricted language code
whereas schools favour an elaborated
language code which middle class students
are socialised into.
Marketization - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔process of
introducing market forces of consumer
choice and competition in education.
,Bernstein and Young (1967) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔better educated parents
have higher incomes and spend them on
promoting education to their children, via
educational trips or toys.
Douglas (1964) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔w/c
parents place less value on education - less
ambitious for their children and give them
less encouragement.
Bourdieu (1984) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔cultural
capital refers to the knowledge, tastes,
language, attitudes and values of the
middle class.
Gillborn and Youdell (2001) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔teachers label students
based on stereotypical assumptions of their
,class worth, they also argue that labelling
leads to a self fulfilling prophecy
Self-fulfilling prophecy -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Living up to your label.
Archer (2010) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔found pupils
were creating 'Nike identities' by investing
heavily in style to gain class worth.
Educational triage - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔no
hopers, those with potential, those who will
pass anyway (Gillborn and Youdell).
Material deprivation -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Lacking basic necessities
due to poverty.
, Cultural deprivation -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Inadequate socialisation in
the home.
Material deprivation's effects on education
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔90% of failing schools are
in deprived areas. Dpt of Education (2012)
barely 1/3 of students eligible for free
school meals achieve 5 or more GCSE's at
A*-C. These students are more likely to be
excluded and truant.
Effects of housing on educational
achievement - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Direct -
overcrowding makes it difficult for a child to
study, disturbed sleep from sharing beds or
rooms. Indirect - effects on health and
welfare e.g. children in crowded house run
a greater risk of having an accident. Cold or
damp house leads to infections or illness.
Paper & Mark scheme (Merged) June 2024
[VERIFIED]
Bernstein (1973) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔w/c
students underachieve because they are
socialised into a restricted language code
whereas schools favour an elaborated
language code which middle class students
are socialised into.
Marketization - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔process of
introducing market forces of consumer
choice and competition in education.
,Bernstein and Young (1967) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔better educated parents
have higher incomes and spend them on
promoting education to their children, via
educational trips or toys.
Douglas (1964) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔w/c
parents place less value on education - less
ambitious for their children and give them
less encouragement.
Bourdieu (1984) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔cultural
capital refers to the knowledge, tastes,
language, attitudes and values of the
middle class.
Gillborn and Youdell (2001) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔teachers label students
based on stereotypical assumptions of their
,class worth, they also argue that labelling
leads to a self fulfilling prophecy
Self-fulfilling prophecy -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Living up to your label.
Archer (2010) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔found pupils
were creating 'Nike identities' by investing
heavily in style to gain class worth.
Educational triage - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔no
hopers, those with potential, those who will
pass anyway (Gillborn and Youdell).
Material deprivation -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Lacking basic necessities
due to poverty.
, Cultural deprivation -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔Inadequate socialisation in
the home.
Material deprivation's effects on education
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔90% of failing schools are
in deprived areas. Dpt of Education (2012)
barely 1/3 of students eligible for free
school meals achieve 5 or more GCSE's at
A*-C. These students are more likely to be
excluded and truant.
Effects of housing on educational
achievement - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Direct -
overcrowding makes it difficult for a child to
study, disturbed sleep from sharing beds or
rooms. Indirect - effects on health and
welfare e.g. children in crowded house run
a greater risk of having an accident. Cold or
damp house leads to infections or illness.
