SC Criminal Justice Academy PPCT
History of PPCT - correct answer ✔✔ Founded in 1979 by Bruce Siddle.
PPCT Systems provides research-based training for LE that is designed to
minimize the risk of liability.
Components of Acceptability - correct answer ✔✔ Tactical-easy to learn and
retain, kept to a minimum, 3 minute rule, commonality in technique
Medical-potential medical implications, techniques into two categories: 1)
normal use-techniques used at normal speed, no resistance, 2)Accelerated
use-done at full speed, full resistance
Legal-ppct has developed a force continuum based upon existing non-lethal
and lethal force case law. Designed to teach officers what methods of control
are reasonable for specific types of resistance.
Hick's Law - correct answer ✔✔ "Less is best"
Stimulus Response Training - correct answer ✔✔ Determines one's actions
under stress
Static-gross muscle movement taught without any stimulus initiating action.
Fluid-practicing a technique that is accompanied by simulated but relaxed
resistance.
Dynamic-duplicates actual resistance
3 categories of motor skills - correct answer ✔✔ Gross-large muscle
movement, explosive or strength events, pushing or pulling, 5 or less reps
needed.
Fine-Small muscle movement, dexterity skills and accuracy skills, fingers and
hands
Complex-series of movements, hand/eye coordination skills
, SIDS - correct answer ✔✔ Sudden in-custody death syndrome
Risk factors (combined with use of force): heavy alcohol intoxication,
extraordinary physical strength, poor color, panic, hyperthermia, sudden
lethargy, paranoia, cocaine intoxication, obesity, aggressive or bizarre
behavior, ineffectiveness of chemical agents, hyperventilation.
Custody related deaths - correct answer ✔✔ Positional Asphyxia-lack of
oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the blood caused by being in a
position that restricts breathing.
Cocaine-induced Excited delirium-cocaine psychosis. Violent, bizzarre
behavior.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome-similar to Cocaine induced excited delirium
but usually occurs in psych patients taking anti-psychotic meds
Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity-cocaine related heart/vaso problems, strokes, etc
Excited Delirium-extreme mental and physiological excitement, extreme
agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength and endurance, etc.
Most common types of resistive behavior - correct answer ✔✔ Resistance
from the escort position, resistance while applying handcuffs, passive
resistance, active aggression
Case law related to the Force continuum - correct answer ✔✔ Graham v/
Connor-started that all claims that LE have used excessive force are analyzed
under the 4th Amendment's "objective reasonableness" standard. Force must
be reasonable and necessary.
Use of force guidelines - correct answer ✔✔ 1) all force must be reasonable
2) all force must be necessary
3) officer's actions depend on suspect's actions, variables of the situation, and
officer's knowledge of her own abilities.
History of PPCT - correct answer ✔✔ Founded in 1979 by Bruce Siddle.
PPCT Systems provides research-based training for LE that is designed to
minimize the risk of liability.
Components of Acceptability - correct answer ✔✔ Tactical-easy to learn and
retain, kept to a minimum, 3 minute rule, commonality in technique
Medical-potential medical implications, techniques into two categories: 1)
normal use-techniques used at normal speed, no resistance, 2)Accelerated
use-done at full speed, full resistance
Legal-ppct has developed a force continuum based upon existing non-lethal
and lethal force case law. Designed to teach officers what methods of control
are reasonable for specific types of resistance.
Hick's Law - correct answer ✔✔ "Less is best"
Stimulus Response Training - correct answer ✔✔ Determines one's actions
under stress
Static-gross muscle movement taught without any stimulus initiating action.
Fluid-practicing a technique that is accompanied by simulated but relaxed
resistance.
Dynamic-duplicates actual resistance
3 categories of motor skills - correct answer ✔✔ Gross-large muscle
movement, explosive or strength events, pushing or pulling, 5 or less reps
needed.
Fine-Small muscle movement, dexterity skills and accuracy skills, fingers and
hands
Complex-series of movements, hand/eye coordination skills
, SIDS - correct answer ✔✔ Sudden in-custody death syndrome
Risk factors (combined with use of force): heavy alcohol intoxication,
extraordinary physical strength, poor color, panic, hyperthermia, sudden
lethargy, paranoia, cocaine intoxication, obesity, aggressive or bizarre
behavior, ineffectiveness of chemical agents, hyperventilation.
Custody related deaths - correct answer ✔✔ Positional Asphyxia-lack of
oxygen and increase in carbon dioxide in the blood caused by being in a
position that restricts breathing.
Cocaine-induced Excited delirium-cocaine psychosis. Violent, bizzarre
behavior.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome-similar to Cocaine induced excited delirium
but usually occurs in psych patients taking anti-psychotic meds
Cocaine Abuse/Toxicity-cocaine related heart/vaso problems, strokes, etc
Excited Delirium-extreme mental and physiological excitement, extreme
agitation, hyperthermia, hostility, exceptional strength and endurance, etc.
Most common types of resistive behavior - correct answer ✔✔ Resistance
from the escort position, resistance while applying handcuffs, passive
resistance, active aggression
Case law related to the Force continuum - correct answer ✔✔ Graham v/
Connor-started that all claims that LE have used excessive force are analyzed
under the 4th Amendment's "objective reasonableness" standard. Force must
be reasonable and necessary.
Use of force guidelines - correct answer ✔✔ 1) all force must be reasonable
2) all force must be necessary
3) officer's actions depend on suspect's actions, variables of the situation, and
officer's knowledge of her own abilities.
