Methods of Research Questionnaires case studies
are the techniques used to study and researchers gather information using an in depth analysis of a
understand various aspects of human a structured set of questions that particular individual, or
behaviour and mental processes are administrated to a large number a group / event, data is
Definition of M. O. R of people, the questions consist of gathered through interviews,
+ Quasi Experiments Quasi Experiments researchers study pre peoples opinions, attitudes, behaviours psychological tests. media
existing groups or conditions that were example: stance on climate change reports E task performance
not formed through random assignment,
meaning the IV has been selected rather + Identif y relationship between variables + useful for rare cases
than manipulated + scope for general predictions + useful to build theories
limitation of the main limitation is researchers are I cannot identify cause and effect - unable to generalise
Quasi Experiments unable to establish a casual relationship may not tell the truth - difficult to cause-effect Variations of
between variables e.g. does a cause y Quasi Experiments
Correlational
t Studies Observational studies
to establish a relationship between vari examine the statistical relationship researchers observe people in their
Variable Relationship ables researchers have to conduct true between two or more variables, there natrual setting and record the
+ True Experiments experiments = control all aspects of the are three components to this study variable (s) of interest, there is
situation measure variable x then variable y no attempt to manipulate the
and use statistics to determine If variable. and they use groups
experiments have three essential com SCEY are related that already exist
ponents: one variable is manipulated
Essential Components (IV), does manipulation result in change + identify relationship - variables + observing natrual behaviour
of an Experiment (DV), EV are controlled to establish link + good for general predictions + high ecological validity
(IV-DV1
- difficult to establish cause & effect - no informed consent
in a basic experiment participants are assigned - cannot manipulate variables - no control over EV
to a control group or an experimental group, the
Process of Experiment two groups are also treated equally, the experi + allows a casual relationship to be - experimenter may influence
mental group is given the treatment and the established / inferred results True Experiments
control group is not + allows for control over EV - not applicable to real world + I-
Voluntary Participation means the participant wants
to take part in the experiment with con sent , and are
able to withdraw at anytime, no bribery can be used
and it's not possible to get IC in an natruchistic
Observation
Informed Consent participants need enough information
Ethical Considerations about the aims & met,
nods are able to give information
In Psychological Research but do not reveal h hypotheses, participant and researcher
sign a consent form
are the techniques used to study and researchers gather information using an in depth analysis of a
understand various aspects of human a structured set of questions that particular individual, or
behaviour and mental processes are administrated to a large number a group / event, data is
Definition of M. O. R of people, the questions consist of gathered through interviews,
+ Quasi Experiments Quasi Experiments researchers study pre peoples opinions, attitudes, behaviours psychological tests. media
existing groups or conditions that were example: stance on climate change reports E task performance
not formed through random assignment,
meaning the IV has been selected rather + Identif y relationship between variables + useful for rare cases
than manipulated + scope for general predictions + useful to build theories
limitation of the main limitation is researchers are I cannot identify cause and effect - unable to generalise
Quasi Experiments unable to establish a casual relationship may not tell the truth - difficult to cause-effect Variations of
between variables e.g. does a cause y Quasi Experiments
Correlational
t Studies Observational studies
to establish a relationship between vari examine the statistical relationship researchers observe people in their
Variable Relationship ables researchers have to conduct true between two or more variables, there natrual setting and record the
+ True Experiments experiments = control all aspects of the are three components to this study variable (s) of interest, there is
situation measure variable x then variable y no attempt to manipulate the
and use statistics to determine If variable. and they use groups
experiments have three essential com SCEY are related that already exist
ponents: one variable is manipulated
Essential Components (IV), does manipulation result in change + identify relationship - variables + observing natrual behaviour
of an Experiment (DV), EV are controlled to establish link + good for general predictions + high ecological validity
(IV-DV1
- difficult to establish cause & effect - no informed consent
in a basic experiment participants are assigned - cannot manipulate variables - no control over EV
to a control group or an experimental group, the
Process of Experiment two groups are also treated equally, the experi + allows a casual relationship to be - experimenter may influence
mental group is given the treatment and the established / inferred results True Experiments
control group is not + allows for control over EV - not applicable to real world + I-
Voluntary Participation means the participant wants
to take part in the experiment with con sent , and are
able to withdraw at anytime, no bribery can be used
and it's not possible to get IC in an natruchistic
Observation
Informed Consent participants need enough information
Ethical Considerations about the aims & met,
nods are able to give information
In Psychological Research but do not reveal h hypotheses, participant and researcher
sign a consent form
