Chapter 13 Nursing Theory, Research and Evidence-Based Practice Exam Questions and Questions and Correct Answers

Chapter 13 Nursing Theory, Research and Evidence-Based Practice Exam Questions and Questions and Complete Solutions 1. A group of LPN/LVN students are each providing an example of an evidence-based resource. Which of the following examples best indicates that the LPN/LVN student requires additional instruction regarding evidenced-based resources? a. Best research evidence b. Nurse's clinical expertise c. Client preferences d. Tradition in agency - Ans: d. Tradition in agency 2. Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of an abstract? a. Something difficult to understand b. Something designed to distract you c. A summary of the research performed d. A complete account of the research study - Ans: c. A summary of the research performed 3. Which of the following statements is accurate regarding theories useful to nursing? a. Orem's interpersonal theory defines roles and steps in developing a therapeutic relationship. b. Maslow's culture care theory is concerned with how to meet cultural needs through nursing care. c. Rosenstock's needs theory focuses on meeting client needs that may have no basis in fact. d. In Maslow's theory unmet needs create tension, which motivates the person to react to meet the need. - Ans: d. In Maslow's theory unmet needs create tension, which motivates the person to react to meet the need. 4. A student nurse is explaining qualitative research to a peer. What response indicates a need for clarification regarding qualitative research? a. A cause-effect relationship of variables is confirmed. b. Interviews are used to gather data. c. Lived experiences (e.g., pain) are studied. d. Problem areas of participants' lives are studied - Ans: a. A cause-effect relationship of variables is confirmed. 5. List in order the steps below that are implemented to identify best practices in nursing. a. Find the latest, most relevant research evidence. b. Formulate the clinical question being investigated. c. Using critical thinking skills, combine the gathered evidence with clinical experience and the client's preferences and values. d. Evaluate the validity, relevance, and how you can apply the evidence to the clinical situation selected. - Ans: b,a,d,c 6. Select the items that describe the LPN/LVN's role in nursing research and evidence-based practice. (Select all that apply.) a. Collect data for research studies as requested by the registered nurse. b. Collaborate to formulate clinical questions that need to be investigated for validity. c. Follow protocols and procedures of the agency in which they are employed. d. Gather data for evaluation of the effectiveness of evidence-based practices. e. Support clinical interventions in practice with evidence-based nursing practices. - Ans: a. Collect data for research studies as requested by the registered nurse. b. Collaborate to formulate clinical questions that need to be investigated for validity. c. Follow protocols and procedures of the agency in which they are employed. d. Gather data for evaluation of the effectiveness of evidence-based practices. e. Support clinical interventions in practice with evidence-based nursing practices. Nursing theories are not a basis for which of the following? a Nursing curriculum b Nursing research c Clinical practice of nurses d Medical practice - Ans: d Medical practice Which patient need would an LPN/LVN address first according to Maslow? a Support system b To do something worthwhile, such as volunteering c To move safely from bed to chair d Increased intake of water and other fluids - Ans: d Increased intake of water and other fluids (Oxygen, food, water, and elimination are physiological needs. Once these have been satisfied, data can be collected on safety and security needs.) John is very confused and forgets how to feed himself. Which example, according to Orem's theory, does this scenario indicate? a Self-care b elf-care deficit c Self-care deficit theory d Nursing system - Ans: b Self-care deficit Which example applies to Madeleine Leininger's cultural care preservation? a Supporting a patient's practice of cupping to relieve symptoms of hemochromatosis b Telling a patient to stop cupping, because it is not done in the United States c Suggesting that the patient use the blood bank to reduce hematocrit levels instead of cupping d Suggesting that vapor rub be placed on the body, not in the nose - Ans: a Supporting a patient's practice of cupping to relieve symptoms of hemochromatosis John understands that he needs to accept help from the nurse in order to stop drinking. Which phase of the therapeutic relationship is John in, according to Hildegard Peplau? a Orientation b Identification c Exploitation d Resolution - Ans: b Identification Patty refuses to have surgery, although she is in considerable discomfort, because she has experienced pain during healing after previous surgeries. Which of the following correctly identifies what is happening in this situation according to Rosenstock's health belief theory? a Varying perception b False belief c An existing barrier d A cue to action - Ans: c An existing barrier Which of the following is an example of the focal stimuli in Sister Callista Roy's adaptation model? a Pain b Examination of the area of the pain c Memory of similar pain d Fear of pain - Ans: a Pain Which is not a response of the cognator system in Sister Callista Roy's adaptation model? a Sadness b Learning to give oneself insulin c Anxiety d Pain - Ans: d Pain (The cognator system refers to functions of learning, processing, judging, and emotion that the patient uses to cope. The regulator system refers to the internal effects that take place in response to what is happening internally) Which of the following statements is true about research? a Research can include objective or subjective study. b Research identifies interventions that have been proven effective through tradition. c Research only involves nurses with PhDs. d Research only generates knowledge for clinical practice. - Ans: a Research can include objective or subjective study. Evidence-based nursing practice is nursing practice that has its foundation in research that provides proof that knowledge is effective. a True b False - Ans: a True The three concepts of nursing theories important to nursing are: a Patient, family, and friends. b person, health, and environment. c health, illness, and death. d environment, emotions, and attitude. - Ans: b person, health, and environment. The first person to emphasize the environment—ventilation, warmth, noise, light, and cleanliness was: a Abraham Maslow. b Dorothea Orem. c Hildegard Peplau. d Florence Nightingale. - Ans: d Florence Nightingale. Research studies in nursing are important because they: a support existing knowledge and develop new knowledge based on observation and experimentation. b identify nursing interventions that are based on tradition. c prove that quality nursing is not cost-effective. d provide information about the lack of knowledge in the nursing profession - Ans: a support existing knowledge and develop new knowledge based on observation and experimentation. The type of research study that is done by interviewing and studying a narrative description of the "lived experience" of individuals is: a) objective. b) quantitative. c) qualitative. d) numerical. - Ans: c) qualitative. The clinical practice of nurses needs to be based on scientific knowledge with proof that the knowledge is effective. This is called: a) traditional practice. b) evidence-based practice. c) randomized practice. d) Adaptive practice - Ans: b) evidence-based practice. The three elements of evidence-based practice are all of the following except: a) best research evidence. b) nurse's clinical expertise. c) patient preferences. d) doctor's orders. - Ans: d) doctor's orders. Practical/vocational nursing students participate in the nursing research process by: a) reviewing current articles in professional sources. b) performing only traditional nursing interventions. c) learning procedures from nurses who have done the procedures for years. d) ignoring the facility policy and procedures and performing nursing interventions using more current methods. - Ans: a) reviewing current articles in professional sources. The competency that addresses nursing research and evidence-based practice is: a) nursing process. b) cultural care. c) exploitation. d) spirit of inquiry. - Ans: a) spirit of inquiry. Madeline Leininger's culture care theory identified two kinds of care in every culture, including: a) generic and professional care. b) self-care and nursing care. c) identification and resolution of care. d) physiologic and psychological care. - Ans: a) generic and professional care. Health is harmony among the body, mind, and spirit according to which nursing theory? a) Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model b) Rosenstock's Health Belief Theory c) Jean Watson's Theory of Human Care d) Abraham Maslow's Needs Theory - Ans: c) Jean Watson's Theory of Human Care concepts for theories - Ans: person (recipient of care), health (goal of nursing), environment (setting where nursing care takes place) florence nightingale the first nursing theorist - Ans: believed environmental issues influenced the course of illness (ventilation, warmth, noise, light, cleanliness)