Mark Klimek - Psych Drugs Exam Questions and Answers 2024 Correctly done

All psych drugs cause (2) - Answer--decrease in BP -weight change Phenothiazines - Answer-All end in -zine VERY potent Immediate onset Thorazine, Compazine, etc. Actions: -does not cure disease, reduces symptoms -Large doses: Psychotic symptoms -Small doses: N/V -Major: Tranquilizers "Deconate" after name of drug means it is long acting (2 weeks-month) IM form given to non-compliant patients Phenothiazine ADRs - Answer-ABCDEFG -Anticholinergic (dry mouth) -Blurred vision, Bladder retention -Constipation -Drowsiness -Extra Pyramidal Syndrome (EPS)-(F)Photosensitivity -aGranulocytosis *Teach patient to report sore throat and any s/sx of infection to MD Nursing Care - Phenothiazines - Answer-Treat side effects #1 nursing diagnosis is SAFETY Phenothiazines in large doses are used for... - Answer-Anti-psychotic Phenothiazine in small doses is used for... - Answer-Anti-emetic (N/V) Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) - Answer-Imipramine, Amitrityline, Nortriptyline Elavil, Tofranil, Aventyl, Desyrel --> ELEVATES your mood -pram, -trip Take in morning (sleep dysfunction is common) ADRs: -Anticholinergic effects -Blurred vision, bladder retention -Constipation -Drowsiness -Euphoria2-4 wks for therapeutic effects Name the MAOIs - Answer-Seligiline, Phenezine, Isocarboxazid Mar-plan Nar-dil Par-nate MAR-NAR-PAR - Answer-MAOIs Marplan Nardil Parnate MAOIs - Answer-Antidepressants 2-4 wks Mar-plan Nar-dil Par-nate ADRs: -Anticholinergic effects -Blurred vision, Bladder retention -Constipation -Drowsiness AVOID tyramine-containing foods (cheese, overripe fruit, liquor, beef/chicken liver, fermented products) - -> risk for Hypertensive Crisis*No OTC meds unless prescribed* Foods containing Tyramine: AVOID with MAOIs - Answer-BAR: Bananas Avocados Raisins (any dried fruit) Yeast Organ meats: liver, kidney, tripe, heart Preserved meats; smoked, dried, cured, pickled, hot dogs Aged cheese, yogurt, brick cheese Alcohol, elixirs, tinctures, caffeine, chocolate, licorice, soy sauce ONLY cheese that you can eat while on an MAOI - Answer-Mozzarella, Cottage Cheese Benzodiazepines -special considerations - Answer-Alprazolam, Lorazepam, Clonazepam, Diazepam -Sedative effect --> give at BEDTIME -Never stop abruptly Benzodiazepines - Answer--pam, -lamDiazepam, Alprazolam, Lorazepam Anti-anxiety (minor tranquilizer) ADRs: -Anticholinergic effects -Blurred vision, Bladder retention -Constipation -Drowsiness #1 nursing dx: SAFETY Lithium Toxicity - Answer-Normal lithium = 0.6-1.2 >1.5 is toxic Closely related to sodium levels Monitor sodium levels, LOW sodium increases risk of lithium toxicity (watch for diarrhea, vomiting which can decrease sodium levels) S/Sx of lithium toxicity: -N/V, diarrhea -ataxia, sluggishness, confusion, agitation, neuromuscular excitability (coarse tremor) Methylphenidate - Answer-Ritalin - used to treat ADHD Administered in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, usually 30-45 minutes before meals.As a stimulant --> should be given no later than around 6 pm What herbal supplement should never be taken concurrently with SSRIs? - Answer-St Johns Wart Serotonin Syndrome - Answer-Diaphoresis Agitation Tachycardia Mydriasis Hyperreflexia Tremor Clonus Diarrhea & hyperactive bowel sounds Autonomic instability Hypertension What increases your risk for Lithium Toxicity? - Answer-1. Dehydration 2. Decreased renal function 3. Diet low in sodium 4. Drug-drug interactions (NSAIDs, Thiazide diuretics)