Psych 1101:Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology Exam Questions With Verified Solutions

Psych 1101:Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology Exam Questions With Verified Solutions Psychology - answerRefers to the scientific study of the mind and behavior -uses the scientific methods to acquire knowledge through studying behavior and forming experiments to test a hypothesis. Hypothesis - answerA tentitive explanation to explain a phenomenom. -not just an explanation of a situation -Used to frame and conduct an experiment, collect data, ect.. -has to be testable Scientific Method - answerA form of Empiricism (Empirical Method); a way of gaining knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than relying only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities. Scientific Theory - answerA broad explanation for an aspect of the natural world consistently supported by evidence over time. Testable - answerThe phenomenon (occurring and proven by the experiment and explained by the hypothesis) must be measurable and be able to be repeated. Critical Thinking - answerThe active application of a set of skills to information in order to understand the info/evaluate it better -involves maintaining and attitude of skepticism, reckoning internal biases, using logical thinking, asking appropriate questions, and making observations Skill that is developed in the practice of psychology Wilhelm Wundt - answer() First person to be refereed to as a psychologist -wrote "Principles of Physiological Psychology" -saw psych as a scientific study of the conscious experience --goal is to identify the parts of consciousness and how all the parts combine to create a/our experience ----how the figurative parts of the mind create our own experience (living behavior) -used introspection to conduct experiments to find out about how parts of the mind and observe them *pioneered structuralism* *Father of Psychology* Introspection - answerA process by which someone examines their own conscious experience as objectively as possible -an attempt to make the mind observable --tries to make the mind like physical parts of nature that can be scientifically observed *pioneered by Wundt* -1) requires "trained" observers who could report a reaction to stimulus -2) used repeatable stimuli that always produced the same same experience (reaction) in the subject --allows the subject to expect the reaction and therefore concentrate on what their inner reaction was Structuralism - answerThe attempt to understand the structure and the characteristics of the mind -uses introspection to understand the consciousness -proposed by Wundt William James - answer() First American psychologist who had a different view (not structuralism) on psychology and how it could operate -influenced by Darwin's theory of natural selection --accepted natural selection as an explanation for an organism's characteristics --concludes that an organism's behavior also comes from natural selection as a way to adopt to its environment *Father of Functionalism* Functionalism - answerA view that psychology focuses on how mental activities help an organism to adapt to their environment -studies the function (place) of behavior in the world as psychology's purpose