AQA PHILOSOPHY A LEVEL
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM STUDY GUIDE
A posteriori - Answer>> Knowledge of propositions that require
sense experience to prove it true or false
A priori - Answer>> Knowledge of propositions that do not
require sense experience to prove it true or false
Analogy - Answer>> Similarities in several respects between
different things e.g; Paley's watch and the Universe
Analytic proposition - Answer>> A proposition that is true by
definition i.e.; a bachelor is an unmarried man
Cartesian circle - Answer>> Descartes' circular theory,
depending on clear and distinct ideas to discuss God and
depending on God to discuss clear and distinct ideas.
Contingent - Answer>> A proposition which is true or false
depending on how the world is
Blik - Answer>> An attitude or belief which is based on the
person's experience so cannot be falsified
Cognitivism - Answer>> Sentences are only meaningful if they
refer to the world and can be proven either true or false
Fallacy of composition - Answer>> Using knowledge of an
individual concept and applying it on a large scale e.g; humans
have a cause so the world has a cause
, Deductive - Answer>> An argument where the conclusion is
entailed by its premises i.e.; if the premises are true, then the
conclusion must be true
Empiricism - Answer>> The idea that we are born with a blank
state and gain knowledge through sense experience
Fallacy - Answer>> Where the premises do not offer rational
support to make the conclusion believable
Inductive - Answer>> An argument where the the conclusion is
supported by the premises, but not entailed by them
Necessary - Answer>> A proposition which is always true or
false regardless of how the world is
Ockham's razor - Answer>> We should not multiply entities
beyond necessity, but instead go for the simplest explanation
Synthetic proposition - Answer>> A proposition which is true or
false depending on how the world is i.e.; It is raining outside
Scepticism - Answer>> The view that our justifications we use
to claim we have knowledge are inadequate, so we do not have
knowledge
Unsound - Answer>> A deductive argument which has at least
one false premise
Sound - Answer>> A deductive argument with true premises
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM STUDY GUIDE
A posteriori - Answer>> Knowledge of propositions that require
sense experience to prove it true or false
A priori - Answer>> Knowledge of propositions that do not
require sense experience to prove it true or false
Analogy - Answer>> Similarities in several respects between
different things e.g; Paley's watch and the Universe
Analytic proposition - Answer>> A proposition that is true by
definition i.e.; a bachelor is an unmarried man
Cartesian circle - Answer>> Descartes' circular theory,
depending on clear and distinct ideas to discuss God and
depending on God to discuss clear and distinct ideas.
Contingent - Answer>> A proposition which is true or false
depending on how the world is
Blik - Answer>> An attitude or belief which is based on the
person's experience so cannot be falsified
Cognitivism - Answer>> Sentences are only meaningful if they
refer to the world and can be proven either true or false
Fallacy of composition - Answer>> Using knowledge of an
individual concept and applying it on a large scale e.g; humans
have a cause so the world has a cause
, Deductive - Answer>> An argument where the conclusion is
entailed by its premises i.e.; if the premises are true, then the
conclusion must be true
Empiricism - Answer>> The idea that we are born with a blank
state and gain knowledge through sense experience
Fallacy - Answer>> Where the premises do not offer rational
support to make the conclusion believable
Inductive - Answer>> An argument where the the conclusion is
supported by the premises, but not entailed by them
Necessary - Answer>> A proposition which is always true or
false regardless of how the world is
Ockham's razor - Answer>> We should not multiply entities
beyond necessity, but instead go for the simplest explanation
Synthetic proposition - Answer>> A proposition which is true or
false depending on how the world is i.e.; It is raining outside
Scepticism - Answer>> The view that our justifications we use
to claim we have knowledge are inadequate, so we do not have
knowledge
Unsound - Answer>> A deductive argument which has at least
one false premise
Sound - Answer>> A deductive argument with true premises
