AQA A Level Philosophy Year 1
Exam Study Guide
acquaintance knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'of.'
e.g know a person/place etc
ability knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'how.'
e.g knowing how to skateboard
propositional knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'that.'
e.g knowing that 2+2=4
a 'real' definition - Answer>> A definition that picks out the
essence of an object.
e.g water is H2O
the tripartite view - Answer>> Propositional knowledge is
defined as a justified, true, belief (JTB).
in the tripartite view, S knows that P if and only if... - Answer>>
1. S is justified in believing that P
2. P is true
3. S believes that P
the conditions of the tripartite view are... - Answer>> Individually
necessary and jointly sufficient.
the two main issues of the tripartite view - Answer>> 1. The
conditions aren't sufficiently necessary
2. The conditions aren't sufficient
, the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Belief -
Answer>> Do you need to believe something to know it? Some
philosophers claim belief and knowledge are incompatible.
Knowledge is more about responding correctly to questions than it
is about a state of mind.
the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Truth -
Answer>> Does a fact need to be true for you to know it? Some
people used o believe the Earth was flat, and at that time they
were certain they knew it. Some philosophers argue that if their
belief wasn't true then they never actually knew it.
the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Justification -
Answer>> Do you need justification for knowledge? Perhaps
you only need true belief for knowledge. Most philosophers claim
you do need justification to remove the possibility of
luck/coincidence. (example of the racist juror.)
the argument that the conditions of JTB aren't sufficient -
Answer>> Gettier's cases of lucky, true, belief:
- Smith, Jones and the job interview
- Brown in Barcelona
- Fake Barn County
Some people may say in these cases they did have knowledge,
however all of these examples cast doubt on the idea knowledge
is only JTB.
Gettier's examples showing the conditions of JTB aren't sufficient;
Smith, Jones and the job interview - Answer>> Smith and
Jones have applied for a certain job.
Smith claims; " the man who will get the job has 10 coins in his
pocket."
Smith was told by his boss that Jones would get the job, Smith
has also counted the coins in Jones' pocket.
Exam Study Guide
acquaintance knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'of.'
e.g know a person/place etc
ability knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'how.'
e.g knowing how to skateboard
propositional knowledge - Answer>> Knowing 'that.'
e.g knowing that 2+2=4
a 'real' definition - Answer>> A definition that picks out the
essence of an object.
e.g water is H2O
the tripartite view - Answer>> Propositional knowledge is
defined as a justified, true, belief (JTB).
in the tripartite view, S knows that P if and only if... - Answer>>
1. S is justified in believing that P
2. P is true
3. S believes that P
the conditions of the tripartite view are... - Answer>> Individually
necessary and jointly sufficient.
the two main issues of the tripartite view - Answer>> 1. The
conditions aren't sufficiently necessary
2. The conditions aren't sufficient
, the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Belief -
Answer>> Do you need to believe something to know it? Some
philosophers claim belief and knowledge are incompatible.
Knowledge is more about responding correctly to questions than it
is about a state of mind.
the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Truth -
Answer>> Does a fact need to be true for you to know it? Some
people used o believe the Earth was flat, and at that time they
were certain they knew it. Some philosophers argue that if their
belief wasn't true then they never actually knew it.
the conditions of JTB aren't sufficiently necessary; Justification -
Answer>> Do you need justification for knowledge? Perhaps
you only need true belief for knowledge. Most philosophers claim
you do need justification to remove the possibility of
luck/coincidence. (example of the racist juror.)
the argument that the conditions of JTB aren't sufficient -
Answer>> Gettier's cases of lucky, true, belief:
- Smith, Jones and the job interview
- Brown in Barcelona
- Fake Barn County
Some people may say in these cases they did have knowledge,
however all of these examples cast doubt on the idea knowledge
is only JTB.
Gettier's examples showing the conditions of JTB aren't sufficient;
Smith, Jones and the job interview - Answer>> Smith and
Jones have applied for a certain job.
Smith claims; " the man who will get the job has 10 coins in his
pocket."
Smith was told by his boss that Jones would get the job, Smith
has also counted the coins in Jones' pocket.
