EXPERIMENT NO.2
VERIFICATION OF OHM’S LAW
Objectives:
A. Study the effect of change of voltage on current.
B. Study the effect of resistance on current.
Apparatus required:
• Variable Voltage Source
• Different Resistors
• Voltmeter
• Ammeter
• Connecting wires/Jump wires
• Digital Multimeter
• Breadboard
Theory:
Ohm's Law is a formula used to calculate the relationship between voltage, current and
resistance in an electrical circuit. It was formulated by the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm
in the early 19th century.
Ohms Law Equation:
Ohm's Law can be mathematically represented by the equation:
V = IR
V = Voltage (Volts, V)
I = Current (Amperes, A)
R = Resistance (Ohms, Ω)
The equation can be rewritten to calculate the current and resistance:
I=V/R
R=V/I
Voltage:
Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. It is the driving
force that pushes electric charges (electrons) through a conductor. Voltage is measured in volts
and is usually provided by a voltage source, such as a battery or a power supply.
, Current:
Current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor or circuit. It is the rate at which
electrons move past a specific point in the circuit. Current is measured in amperes (A).
Resistance:
Resistance is a property of a conductor that opposes the flow of electric current. It is the result
of collisions and interactions between electrons and the atoms or molecules within the
conductor. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
Materials with high resistance, like rubber or wood, restrict the flow of current, while materials
with low resistance, like copper or silver, allow current to flow more easily.
Ohm's Law Relationship:
Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the
voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. In other
words:
▪ Increasing voltage leads to an increase in current (with resistance held constant).
▪ Increasing resistance leads to a decrease in current.
Ohm's Law is true when the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance
(R) is linear.
FIGURE: Graphical Representation between voltage and current for ohmic and non ohmic
devices.
VERIFICATION OF OHM’S LAW
Objectives:
A. Study the effect of change of voltage on current.
B. Study the effect of resistance on current.
Apparatus required:
• Variable Voltage Source
• Different Resistors
• Voltmeter
• Ammeter
• Connecting wires/Jump wires
• Digital Multimeter
• Breadboard
Theory:
Ohm's Law is a formula used to calculate the relationship between voltage, current and
resistance in an electrical circuit. It was formulated by the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm
in the early 19th century.
Ohms Law Equation:
Ohm's Law can be mathematically represented by the equation:
V = IR
V = Voltage (Volts, V)
I = Current (Amperes, A)
R = Resistance (Ohms, Ω)
The equation can be rewritten to calculate the current and resistance:
I=V/R
R=V/I
Voltage:
Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. It is the driving
force that pushes electric charges (electrons) through a conductor. Voltage is measured in volts
and is usually provided by a voltage source, such as a battery or a power supply.
, Current:
Current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor or circuit. It is the rate at which
electrons move past a specific point in the circuit. Current is measured in amperes (A).
Resistance:
Resistance is a property of a conductor that opposes the flow of electric current. It is the result
of collisions and interactions between electrons and the atoms or molecules within the
conductor. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
Materials with high resistance, like rubber or wood, restrict the flow of current, while materials
with low resistance, like copper or silver, allow current to flow more easily.
Ohm's Law Relationship:
Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the
voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. In other
words:
▪ Increasing voltage leads to an increase in current (with resistance held constant).
▪ Increasing resistance leads to a decrease in current.
Ohm's Law is true when the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance
(R) is linear.
FIGURE: Graphical Representation between voltage and current for ohmic and non ohmic
devices.
