ACSM STUDY GUIDE (QUESTIONS & ANSWERS) GRADED A+

BIOMECHANICS - Answer-principles of physics related to energy and force as they apply to the human body PROXIMAL - Answer-CLOSER TO THE TRUNK DISTAL - Answer-further from the trunk SUPERIOR (CRANIAL) - Answer-above, toward the head INFERIOR (CAUDAL) - Answer-lower than, toward the feet ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) - Answer-toward the front POSTERIOR (DORSAL) - Answer-toward the back MEDIAL - Answer-closer to the midline LATERAL - Answer-further from the midline THREE CARDINAL BODY PLANES - Answer-sagittal plane, frontal plane, transverse plane SAGITTAL PLANE - Answer-makes a division into right and left portions FRONTAL PLANE - Answer-makes a division into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions TRANSVERSE PLANE - Answer-makes a division into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portionsROTATION - Answer-movement around a longitudinal axis, either toward or away from the midline CIRCUMDUCTION - Answer-a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction EVERSION - Answer-turning the sole of the foot away from the midline INVERSION - Answer-turning the sole of the foot toward the midline Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum... - Answer-AXIAL SKELETON VERTEBRAL COLUMN (SPINE) - Answer-serves as the main axial support for the body 4 Major curvatures of the adult vertebral column - Answer-cervical curve, thoracic curve, lumbar curve, sacral curve KYPHOSIS "primary curves" - Answer-curves of the thoracic and sacral regions LORDOSIS "secondary curves" - Answer-curves of the cervical and lumbar region Commonly found abnormal curves in the sagittal plane - Answer-hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis HYPERKYPHOSIS - Answer-exaggerated posterior thoracic curvature HYPERLORDOSIS - Answer-exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature Commonly found abnormal curve in the frontal plane - Answer-scoliosis STERNUM - Answer-midline of the chest