ASU Bio 181 Final Exam Review Semester 1 | 100% Correct | Verified | 2024 Version

ASU Bio 181 Final Exam Review Semester 1 | 100% Correct | Verified | 2024 Version Which of the follow statements must be true in order for ATP synthase to function properly - ph of intermembrane space must be lower than that of the outer membrane space(mitochondrial matrix). Which of the following is the most important product of the fermentation pathway in animal cells? - NAD+ Cellular respiration releases energy. In cellular respiration: - the chemical potential energy stored in organic molecules is converted to chemical energy that can be used to do the work of the cell. Which of the following is NOT a product of cellular respiration? - Oxygen When a single pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA, the other products of the reaction are - NADH and CO2 Which of the following would most likely be used as a long-term form of energy storage in cells? - Lipids Approximately when did anaerobic metabolism evolve in living organisms? - 3.8 Billion years ago When large molecules are broken down into smaller ones (and energy is released) this is an example of... - Catabolism Would the replication of DNA - where a parent strand acts as a template and a daughter strand is constructed - be considered a catabolic process or an anabolic process? - Anabolic The following is an example of the use of ATP in cells? - The phosphorylation of glucose during glycolysis that allows glucose to be transformed into fructose (an important intermediate step that allows the reaction to move forward). The phosphorylation of Na+/K+ pumps that allows a conformational change in the pump - allowing sodium to be deposited outside the membrane and potassium inside the membrane. Dietary vitamins including Vitamin A and Folic acid are common examples of..... - Coenzyme What are the two most important products that result from photosynthesis (from an animal's perspective)? - Oxygen and Glucose Which of the following is not used by both plants and cyanobacteria to perform photosynthesis? - Oxygen Why do plants have other photosynthetic pigments (such as Beta-carotene) in addition to chlorophyll? - Each type of pigment absorbs a different wavelength of light. By working with chlorophyll these other pigments help to capture the energy from a wider range of light. What wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation can plants utilize to perform photosynthesis? - Between 400 and 700 nm According to Professor Kevin Redding (in his interview with Dr. Shaffer), the function of the thylakoid membrane, stroma, and ATP synthase in chloroplasts can be compared to a: - water powered generator (at the base of a waterfall) with a solar pump bringing water back to the top of the hill. What is the most important result of the Calvin Cycle? - The 'fixing' of CO2 to yield two molecules of PGAL During photosynthesis in plants and algae, ____________ is oxidized and ______________ is reduced. - H20;CO2 Which component of a phospholipid is found in the interior of a lipid bilayer? - Fatty Acids What is the central dogma of biology? - DNA -> RNA -> Protein