Chem 210 Exam 3 Questions & Answers(GRADED A+)

what factors explain the outcomes of reactions? - ANSWERhybridization, delocalization, eN, atom density what is a leaving group? - ANSWER- group of atom(s) that can be stable on its own - eN atoms that are good LG also make strong acids what is the α carbon? - ANSWERC directly attached to leaving group what are β Cs? β Hs? - ANSWERβC: C(s) attached to α carbon βH: H(s) attached to βC what is a LB? is it a nucleophile or electrophile? - ANSWERlewis base, nucleophile what is nucleophilic substitution? - ANSWERsubstitution of LG by a nucleophile, like LB is the C-LG complex a nucleophile electrophile? - ANSWERelectrophile what happens in an elimination reaction (in general)? - ANSWER- LG & beta H break off - LB bonds to beta H - 2 sigma bonds - 1 pi bond btwn alpha and beta C in the nucleophile O(neg)-CH3, what is the nucleophilic atom? - ANSWERoxygen what are the types of substitution products? - ANSWER- substitution w/ retention of configuration - substitution w/ inversion of configuration what does allylic mean? benzylic? propargylic? - ANSWER- allylic: (attached to) a carbon that is attached to C double bond C - benzylic (attached to) a C that is attached to benzene - propargylic: (attached to) a C that is attached to C triple bond C what is degree of substitution? - ANSWER# of Cs attached to Carbon atom in question what does "heteroatom substituted" mean? - ANSWERsubstituted by a heteroatom (atom/group of atoms that replace = 1 H atoms from hydrocarbon)