NUR 213 Final Exam Questions and Answers

Warfarin (Coumadin): Serious side effects and their symptoms hemorrhage, transient thrombocytopenia- symptoms are easy bruising, hematuria, bleeding gums, prolonged bleeding times and increased PT/INR What is Warfarin's antidote? Vitamin K What are some special considerations for patients on warfarin? -important when it comes to trauma because it can increase serious hemorrhage risks and intracranial hemorrhage so VERY important with TBI -avoid foods high in vitamin K as they can interfere with its effectiveness -Patient may be on Lovenox or heparin injections until the Coumadin therapy is effective as it takes 3-5 days to be therapeutic Used as the main treatment for Torsade's de Pointes? Magnesium Sulfate: as it is caused by low magnesium levels Used as the main treatment for SYMPTOMATIC bradycardia? Atropine Sulfate:When should NSAIDs be avoided? Avoid in use with clients that have liver failure due to inability to clot effectively and in long-term use for chronic kidney disease because it damages the kidneys Preferred treatment for when a patient first convert to AFIB/AFLUTTER? synchronized defibrillated cardioversion Used as a second option for cardioversion when patients first convert to AFIB/AFLUTTERRisks? Adenosine: can cause dysrhythmias and stop the heartMetronidazole: Serious side effects: Seizures Leukopenia (infection, low white blood cell counts) Peripheral neuropathy (numbness and tingling in the hands and feet) Naloxone is used for what? -Treat respiratory depression and other emergency side effects for narcotics like oxycodone, morphine, and dilaudid -Unintentional injury like poisoning with these substances nurses would prepare to administer this to save their clients lifeWhat is one of the most serous side effects of Naloxone? seizures Methylprednisone: Serious side effects Peptic ulcer (gnawing stomach pain especially between meals) Hypocalcemia (muscle cramping) Osteoporosis (easy bones breaking) Muscle loss (muscle pain, weakness, and wasting) Infection, (fever) Piperacillin-Tazobactam: Serious side effects: Angioedema (facial swelling especially around eyes and cough) Circulatory collapse (severe hypotension followed by cardiac arrest) Cardiac arrest (pulselessness, death) Nephrotoxicity (oliguria and leg swelling) What is used to help with chest pain in AMI as it opens the coronary arteries Nitroglycerin:What is a consideration for nitroglycerin? - cannot be given to men that take ED drugs What is used in AMI when nitroglycerin is either ineffective or unable to be given Morphine What can be given to a patient suspected of having an AMI onset to help thin blood for easier flow through blockage and prevention of enlarging the blockage Aspirin Aspirin is given within --?-- minutes of AMI onset to help thin blood for easier flow through blockage and prevention of enlarging the blockage 30 Interferon Alpha 2A: Serious side effects: Seizures Myelosuppression (muscle pain and weakness) Thrombocytopenia (easy bruising and bleeding) Leukopenia (low WBCs and infection) Anemia (low H&H), suicidal ideation Severe depression Seizures Myasthenia gravisMyocardial infarction Hepatoxicity (jaundice, nausea, vomiting) Corticosteroids: Serious side effects: HYPOcalcemia Immunosuppression (need vaccinations for prevention and need to teach proper hand hygiene as well as infection symptoms) Peptic ulcer Hypocalcemia Osteoporosis Muscle loss Immunosuppression