AP Comparative Government & Politics Unit 1 GRADE A+ SOLUTION

Which of the following is a necessary aspect of a state? C) Defined Territory A defined territory is a necessary aspect of a state. States, by necessity, have a defined territory. Which of the following statements explains how sources of power and authority have affected two AP Comparative Government and Politics course countries? B)The Mexican and Nigerian constitutions have helped the countries develop competitive party systems. Mexican and Nigerian constitutions have helped the countries develop competitive party systems over time. The 1999 Nigerian constitution outlined the rules for democracy, and the Mexican constitution has been amended over time to allow for democratic institutions. Since 2000, both Mexico and Nigeria have transitioned to multiparty republics with successful alterations of political power. A pluralist system is characterized by which of the following? Competition among interest groups over public policy [Graph of "Mexico Leading Economic Indicators, "] Which of the following best explains the decreased rate of inflation from 1998 to 2011 in Mexico? (A) Neoliberal economic policies that removed barriers and restrictions on the economy led to a decreased inflation rate. Which of the following is an important cleavage common to both Mexico and China? (A) Urban and rural populations Which of the following statements is true about the sources of political authority in Iran and the United Kingdom? C)Both countries substantiate their political authority by relying on popular elections. The United Kingdom and Iran have elections that substantiate their political authority. Which of the following conclusions regarding voter turnout in a highly predictable election is represented by the data in the table? D)A majority of those eligible to vote cast ballots for Putin, thus strengthening his hold on the Russian government. Putin received a large majority of the votes in the last presidential election, which strengthened his hold on the Russian government and his claims to legitimacy. Which of the following most accurately explains the performance of the Communist Party in the 2018 election? B) The second-place finish of the Communist Party demonstrates the party's continued support from the people. Although it has not been strong enough to gain power, the second-place finish of the Communist Party demonstrates the party's continued support from the people. Which of the following statements best describes the trend in the graph? ( C)The Chinese GDP has seen growth since 2003, with growth stronger some years than others. The Chinese GDP, despite some fluctuations and corrections, has been growing since 2003 by at least 2 percent a year. Which of the following is a result of the actions represented by the data shown in the graph? ( C) The vast majority of Nigerians reject Boko Haram, which must fight violently to maintain power. Most Nigerians reject Boko Haram and fight to stop them as the data show. Which of the following is true of a government? D)A government consists of a set of institutions empowered to make binding decisions. A government consists of a set of institutions empowered to make binding decisions. Governments usually change after elections, while institutions remain constant. According to the passage, which of the following is an outcome of the Iranian Revolution that is still felt today? A)Increased access to education The passage describes the positive impact of the revolution on education in Iran. Which of the following statements about freedom of the press is correct? B)While Mexico and Russia both have legal protections of press freedom, journalists often operate in fear of violence. Both Mexico and Russia promise freedom of the press, but neither countries deliver on their promise. Hundreds of journalists in both countries have been killed or threatened. Which of the following statements about one of six countries studied in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course is true? C)The British legislature regularly seeks to hold the executive accountable, while the Chinese legislature does not serve as a regular check on executive power. The British Parliament holds the prime minister accountable through Question Time and regular debate. The National People's Congress serves largely as a rubber stamp for the executive in China. Which of the following statements best describes the trend in the graph between 2005 and 2009 ? ( A) The GDP growth rate increased then sharply declined. The GDP growth rate increased between 2006 and 2007 then sharply declined until 2009. Which of the following statements about elections is accurate? A)While the United Kingdom has free and fair legislative elections, legislative elections in Iran are not competitive and have candidates that have been vetted Elections in the United Kingdom are consistently deemed to be free and fair. In Iran, however, candidates for the Majles are vetted by the Guardian Council and not deemed very competitive. Which of the following best explains the point of view of the passage? "England predominates in the UK both economically and demographically. Its representatives have an overwhelming majority in the House of Commons. It could be argued that devolution is a way for the other nations in the UK to distinguish themselves from England. The 'English Question' encompasses a number of questions about England's governance. How, within the Union, should England be governed? Is there a way to allow England a separate voice within the UK without undermining the Union? Should power be devolved or decentralised, and if so how? The governance of England is becoming a key concern for those considering the territorial constitution. Witnesses noted the absence of consideration of England when politicians discussed devolution, one of them calling it the 'elephant in the room' . . . Professor [Sir] Jeffery [Jowell] noted the emergence of England as a theme in the 2015 general election. He argued: "[The English] feel short-changed by disparities in levels of public spending between the different parts of the UK; they feel this as a "fair share" argument, and that England is not getting its fair share. That transforms the debate about the Union.'" Source: House of Lords Select Committee on the Constitution, 10th Report of Session 2015-16, HL Paper 149: "The Union and Devolution," 2016. C)English citizens receive too little from Westminster. The passage demonstrates the concern that the English feel shortchanged by public spending disparities. Compared with first-past-the-post, a proportional representation electoral system (A) gives third parties a better chance at winning seats in a legislature Which of the following is a correct comparison of authoritarian and democratic regimes? (B) Russia has more arbitrary rules by the leadership, while Mexico has a defined rule of law. A nation-state is best characterized as (B) a politically defined territory in which the state and national identity coincide Which of the following is most likely to inhibit democratization in Nigeria? D)Political corruption, which tends to undermine rule of law Political corruption tends to deteriorate democracy because it undermines institutions and rule of law. Which of the following best describes a challenge for the Iranian regime according to the passage? "To travel in contemporary Iran is to know that it remains . . . 'an uneasy country.' The Islamic Republic has in many ways accelerated the very trends that pulled at the seams of the monarchy. Today's Iran is still more modern, still more urban, still more demanding of civil rights and freedoms than the Iran of the 1970s. The postrevolutionary regime has dramatically expanded access to education, partly as a consequence of sex segregation and forced veiling, which have made university life less alienating for the most traditional families, and partly . . . because Iranian clerics esteem education as a universal good. The expansion of literacy, together with vast improvements in rural infrastructure and social services, CONTINUED......