FTCE Exceptional Student Education test Correct Questions & Answers!! What is it called when a student observes and records a peer's behavior then provides them feedback? - ANSWER Peer monitoring When dealing with due process, legal action tends to

FTCE Exceptional Student Education test Correct Questions & Answers!! What is it called when a student observes and records a peer's behavior then provides them feedback? - ANSWER Peer monitoring When dealing with due process, legal action tends to be? - ANSWER punitive and reactive This refers to courts giving teachers and school administration authority over student behavior - ANSWER in loco parentis Fill in the blanks: Behaviors that are precisely defined are stated in terms that are ____________________ and _______________________. - ANSWER observable and measurable Event recording should be used when the target behavior is: - ANSWER Discrete and uniform in duration A term of measurement that involves the amount of delay before behavior is initiated after a direction is given is - ANSWER Latency First step of the behavior change process is to - ANSWER collect baseline behavior When children can unlock the pronunciation of unknown words they are in the - ANSWER full-alphabetic stage Researchers who have studied children's acquisition of English grammatical morphemes have found that - ANSWER most children acquire the morphemes in roughly the same order What's the name of the revised funding model for ESE in 1997? - ANSWER Matrix of services What's true about using scaffolding for ESE students? - ANSWER Help students to be like anyone else When does monitoring of an ESE student's IEP happen? - ANSWER At an annual meeting mechanism used to ensure that students have met common core standards is - ANSWER standardized testing Performance-based assessment measures - ANSWER learning processes. What kind of assessments determine how the student's performance compares with students of same age/grade - ANSWER norm-based assessments Disproportionate representation refers to - ANSWER children who have been incorrectly placed into special education program A 504 PLAN requires that students with disabilities that are not - ANSWER eligible to receive services under IDEA must have accommodations for their disabilities/needs in regular classroom setting. Conducting an _____________________ can determine what is occurring with a student who only acts out in one class - ANSWER observation What do curriculum based assessments determine? - ANSWER How a student is performing in or mastering the actual curriculum Scenario: If a new student comes to your school that cannot speak English nor Spanish, what documentation needs to be written? - ANSWER No documentation should be written Parents being fully notified in their native language of all educational activities to be conducted during a nondiscriminatory evaluation of their child is called - ANSWER Informed consent Students with disabilities who are unable to participate in statewide assessments are tested using - ANSWER Alternative assessment What element does direct instruction NOT have? - ANSWER inquiry learning and discovery learning What approach of instruction is extending the concept of language experience throughout the grades by immersing students in reading, writing, talking, listening and viewing activities? - ANSWER Integrated language arts approach What does NOT apply to differentiated instruction? - ANSWER Using whole-class direct instruction What's a phrase that best describes strategic competence? - ANSWER Ability to formulate and conduct math problems When a target behavior transfers across settings, persons, and materials, which stage of learning has been completed? - ANSWER Generalization One benefit of consultation and collaboration is - ANSWER Reducing mislabeling of kids as disabled Mrs. Robbins is a fourth-grade teacher who has several students in her class who struggle with reading. The special education teacher gives her some ideas on how to modify their assignments and homework. Mrs. Robbins is resistant to make these accommodations because she believes that all students should receive the same assignments and everyone should be expected to do the same work. After all, when these students finish school, they will not get accommodations, so why should they now? What dilemma is illustrated by Mrs. Robbins's situation? - ANSWER New roles for special ed teachers Mr. Jones will begin a unit on the American Civil War. He introduces supplemental print reading materials. These supplemental materials are known as - ANSWER trade books Teaching which of the following skills requires a more active role from the students and a more collaborative role from the teacher? - ANSWER self-management What would be the best practice for a middle schooler struggling with fluency? - ANSWER cross-age reading What's the best way to teach vocabulary acquisition in-depth? - ANSWER restating the definition in the student's own words The sequence of instruction is as follows: teach the letter names, teach the sound/sounds each letter represents, drill on letter-sound relationship until rapidly recognized, teach the blending of separate words, provide opportunity to apply blending to unknown words. What phonics instruction is the teacher using? - ANSWER Synthetic (part to whole phonics approach) If a student decodes words through regular letter patterns such as dish, fish, wish, swish, which phonics instruction is the teacher using? - ANSWER Linguistic Sandra is a third grader who often uses nonspecific words (e.g., thing, stuff) for specific words. Sandra most likely has a - ANSWER word-finding problem What type of intervention is given to students who have not showed signs of a communication disorder? - ANSWER Prevention Who's the special educator that helps prepare students with disabilities for post-secondary plans such as employment, higher ed, etc and is also responsible for any aspect of transition services? - ANSWER transition specialist The phase of career development that occurs during the final years of high school is - ANSWER placement Which is NOT a community-based employment preparation activity? - ANSWER joining a vocational student organization The ultimate goal for young adults with disabilities is to be competitively employed. What would NOT increase the likelihood of success for these students? - ANSWER prepare students with disabilities through career ed at the high school level The determining factor for whether a student succeeds or fails in obtaining and maintaining competitive employment is - ANSWER parental support The process of individualized transition planning must encourage students to make many results-oriented decisions as students prepare to leave high school according to - ANSWER IDEA of 2004 As a result of P.L. 94-142, what changes occurred in education for students with disabilities? - ANSWER Education is to be provided to all children (ages 6-18) who meet age eligibility requirements P.L. 99-457 extended the services provided to school aged children with disabilities. What age range does this law address? - ANSWER 3-5 years According to federal law-IDEA 2004, part c, at what age is a child no longer eligible for the early steps program? - ANSWER 3 years/36 months The professional who has the most detailed knowledge of the day-to-day needs of a student with disabilities is - ANSWER gen ed teacher What statement best describes curriculum info explained in an IEP? - ANSWER each area of functioning that is adversely affected by the student's disability must be represented by an annual goal on the IEP High-stakes tests are assessments designed to measure if students have attained learning standards. These tests are a type of assessment referred to as - ANSWER criterion-referenced Addie, a student with a reading disability, attained benchmark levels in reading fluency and comprehension for her grade level. She was integrated into general education for the entire reading block, and her progress was carefully monitored to ensure that her gains were maintained. This scenario describes which decision-making area? - ANSWER program evaluation Bill comes from a single-parent home in the city. When he read a story on a standardized achievement test about an affluent two-parent family in the suburbs, he had difficulty predicting the outcome. This scenario exemplifies - ANSWER cultural bias During the evaluation plan when the type of testing is determined, it is decided that the referred student should have her fine motor skills assessed. What kind of specialist performs this type of assessment? - ANSWER Occupational therapist which of the following sections is typically presented first in psychoeducational reports? - ANSWER identifying data Mr. Crown collects student products over the course of the year to demonstrate the progress his students make. Mr. Crown is utilizing what type of assessment? - ANSWER portfolio assessment Thomas was born with cerebral palsy and requires the use of a wheelchair. He is able to use a computer for word processing and completes all of his assignments using either his laptop or his computer at home. Thomas's most recent statewide assessments indicate that he is at or above the level expected in all academic areas. Thomas can be served with a(n) - ANSWER 504 plan Which is NOT a correct guideline when using manipulatives? - ANSWER teacher demonstration with manipulatives as student observe The CCSS were built on international benchmarks to enable our students to _________________________________. - ANSWER compete with peers on both national and international levels Patrick is a first grader who struggles with math. When he gets frustrated, he provokes other children in class by hitting and biting. Before each in-class math assignment, the teacher calls Patrick up to her desk and reminds him of how well he did on the previous assignment and shows him a graph of his improved grades. She provides him with a modified assignment and then has him sit with a math buddy. Patrick's teacher reduces his undesired behavior by - ANSWER mainpulating antecedents Documents published by states that typically include common core standards, learning activities, and performance expectations are best described as - ANSWER CC curriculum guidelines Mr. Rhodes is a tenth-grade social studies teacher. His state requires that all tenth-grade students take a social studies achievement test at the end of the year. The scores of students at his school have been poor in the past and Mr. Rhodes is under pressure from the principal to raise the scores. He covers a large amount of material each day to prepare his students for this test and some of his struggling students are falling behind. What barrier to successful inclusion is Mr. Rhodes experiencing? - ANSWER content versus accommodation A tenth-grade student with intellectual disabilities attends the district's vocational training program. The student is initially placed at a work station that measures speed and accuracy of sorting and classifying skills. What activity is this an example of? - ANSWER performance-based assessment What's the primary reason to use the interwebz for ed purposes? - ANSWER students spend less time in the class completing course work at their convenience What commonality does not describe someone as having an emotional/behavioral disorder? - ANSWER behavior falls at the lower range of the norm List the assessment procedure process in chronological order (4 steps) - ANSWER GUPO General Interviews use of rating scales prob identification/analysis interview observation Making a positive phone call to a parent is an example of a - ANSWER social reinforcer What's not considered to be a step in teaching cognitive behavior management strategies? - ANSWER clearly specifying the expectations for the student what would not be an effective strategy when working with students who have emotional/behavioral disorders? - ANSWER being stern and never laughing A manifestation determination is a review of - ANSWER the relationship between a student's disability and misconduct If Jonas arrives to school with a weapon and is suspended, what is the length of time Jonas can be placed in an appropriate interim alternative education setting? - ANSWER 45 days The behavioral criteria of an objective should be based mainly on - ANSWER baseline data During a momentary time sample, the observer records - ANSWER the behavior every time it occurs in a specific time period A graph that displays the data over time by adding each day to previous ones is called a - ANSWER cumulative graph When discussing positive behavior support and functional behavior assessment, teachers view the students in which of the following ways? - ANSWER in relation to factors that influence the behavior Which of the following behaviors warrant a behavior change program? - ANSWER lack of attention to tasks What type of behaviors are differential reinforcement applied to? - ANSWER Behaviors that are habits, don't need to be reduced rapidly and don't need to be reduced to zero. Teaching for automaticity means - ANSWER giving enough practice so that students are able to read both accurately and fluently When children use their knowledge of familiar and predictable letter patterns to speed up the process of reading words, they are in what alphabetic phase? - ANSWER consolidated-alphabetic stage The understanding that individual spoken words can be broken down into individual syllables (wonderful: won-der-ful) is called - ANSWER phonological awareness Which of the following techniques assists students when considering ways to get across the author's meaning using prosodic cues such as pitch, loudness, stress, and pauses? - ANSWER choral reading contextual analysis is using surrounding context and student prior knowledge of syntax and content for increasing vocabulary acquisition. What strategy would be effective in contextual analysis? - ANSWER cloze passage Strategies used during the reciprocal teaching approach framework are - ANSWER prediction, questioning, clarification, and summarization PQCS The following represents the sequence of instruction: a. Observe a list of known words with a common letter-sound relationship b. begin questioning about how the words look and sound alike and how they're different c. elicit the common letter-sound relationship and discuss d. have the learners phrase a generalization about the letter-sound relationship In this case, the teacher is using what type of phonics instruction? - ANSWER implicit Ms. Leonard is working with a second grader who is an ELL and has difficulty forming complex sentences and causal structures. The second grader said, "I didn't arrive school on time. The bus was late." Ms. Leonard says, "Oh, you didn't arrive to school on time because the bus was late." What technique is she using to assist this second grader? - ANSWER Expansion Which of the following statements about communication intervention for school-age children compared to younger children is true? - ANSWER Intervention must link directly to academic curriculum for school-age children During the reading to learn stage of reading development, what abilities continue to develop and progress? - ANSWER Reading critically When planning a year-long strategy instruction curriculum - ANSWER choose a few key strategies to teach in-depth one way to reduce isolation of weaker readers is to - ANSWER have all students reading texts on a common theme Which category of transition activities prepares a student for a future career? - ANSWER employment What does effective family involvement NOT include? - ANSWER Developing a career portfolio in which students accumulate info related to career interests Which individuals experience poorer outcomes because they tend not to have access to the full array of transition services while in high school? - ANSWER Young women with disabilities A copy of procedural safeguards must be provided to the parents/guardians of an exceptional student in all of the following situations, except: - ANSWER Parent/teacher conference to discuss academics A teacher notices one of her ESE students is not achieving on her math exams. When she looks over the IEP she sees that the goals of the student's IEP is to meet math proficiency at 80%. She determines this goal is too high for the student. She decides to change the goal on the IEP to be more realistic of the student's abilities. What did this teacher fail to consider? - ANSWER The rights of parents to participate in the decision-making process of the IEP. Why is there a disproportionate over-representation of English Language Learners (ELLs) in Exceptional Student Education (ESE)? - ANSWER cultural and language bias Which of the following would be considered developmentally appropriate characteristics of a 7-year-old student? - ANSWER Completes short tasks, sits quietly for story time, plays collaboratively on the playground with others. A student with an emotional or behavioral disability is enrolled in a general education classroom and receives consultative services while in the general classroom. The student's behavior issues are escalating and interfering with the student's ability to learn. The IEP team is considering another placement to meet the student's needs. Choose the next least restrictive placement the IEP team would choose for this student. - ANSWER part-time ESE classroom Which of the following agencies is relevant to educating students with exceptionalities? - ANSWER Florida Healthy Kids Which of the following is a funding source for ESE students to attend a private school when the surrounding public schools cannot provide ESE services to the student. - ANSWER The McKay Scholarship Which of the following is the correct order of the six steps in the process of planning and delivering ESE services to a student? - ANSWER EEDCAR: Evaluation Eligibility determination Developing the first IEP Consent for services Annual reviews Reevaluations A formal parent invitation for an IEP meeting must be sent through the US mail within how long until the Meeting date? - ANSWER 2 weeks After a student submits her test and it is graded by the computer, the teacher sees a raw score of 78. What does this mean? - ANSWER The student answered 78 correct. A 5th grade ESE teacher has focused a unit on appropriate classroom behavior. What would be the most effective way to assess students' skill management of these skills? - ANSWER Students document their use of behavior skills across different classroom activities. A student is given extra time on the state-wide assessment for reading. The student is taking what kind Of assessment? - ANSWER criterion-referenced An ESE student is having trouble pronouncing words with the "ch" sound. Which of the following should a teacher consider before applying an intervention to help this student with pronunciation? - ANSWER Are the interventions evidence-based? What is a task analysis used for? - ANSWER to determine if the student is able to perform a task Which of the following would be the most appropriate strategy to use for students who have varying disabilities and interests? - ANSWER flexible grouping is best to use with students who have different interests and abilities Which of the following is most appropriate for a life-skills class where students are focusing on tasks necessary to be successful in a job? - ANSWER Engage in roleplay activities that mirror employment duties. Which of the following is an example of cross-curricular application strategies? - ANSWER Students are using math applications in a science unit. Which of the following should a teacher consider first when she is working on accommodations for a student with a short-term processing disorder. - ANSWER the state-adopted academic standards Which of the following would be considered tier 1 interventions? - ANSWER Interventions all of the students receive in a general education class. Which of the following is the most effective way teachers can help students develop positive self- concepts? - ANSWER setting short-term and long-term goals and celebrating student gains A teacher is trying to get her students to settle down after lunch and prepare for the next lesson. Which of the following would be the most effective way to communicate to students that she would like them to settle down and start the lesson - ANSWER Jose, I love how you came in quietly, got your book and prepared to start the lesson. You too Jocelyn. Thank you so much!" A teacher has several students who have reached the highest level of language development. These students are applying the rules of language in different context. These students' level is: - ANSWER pragmatic A teacher is using augmentative and alternative communication strategies in her classroom to assist several of her ESE students. She is using outcomes of a recent assessment to make decisions in her classroom. What would be the most important question to consider when analyzing the outcome data? - ANSWER Did the students increase their ability in communication standards? An ESE teacher is helping students understand rhyme in words. She uses words like sound, found, hound, and round. She and the students are working on a lesson that focuses on: - ANSWER phonemic awareness When students memorize high-frequency words, they are engaging in: - ANSWER sight word recognition A first grade ESE student is breaking down the word cat like this C-A-T. What strategy is the student using? - ANSWER phonemic segmentation An ESE teacher is going over word structure in this order: cvc. cvcc, cvcv, ccvcc. What method is she using? - ANSWER systematic word arrangement A teacher is walking around the room, reading from her book, and showing students her process for working through difficult words. The teacher is using a technique called: - ANSWER Modeling An ESE teacher is working with students using semantic analysis. What type of questions should she be asking the students? - ANSWER "What does it mean when the character talks to his father?" A third grade ESE student who struggles with comprehension has a goal in his IEP to be able to explain a series of events in a story. What would be an appropriate way for the teacher to use an authentic assessment to measure his comprehension? - ANSWER Draw a picture representing the story. Which of the following strategies is most effective in increasing students' automaticity and fluency. - ANSWER repeated reading Which of the following is effective in building fluency and confidence? - ANSWER choral reading Trina is a fifth-grade ESE student who can read words by remembering visual or contextual cues. She recognizes and reads signs and labels in her school and home environments but cannot read these words when they are shown in isolation. She also lacks the ability to match letters to sounds. What phase of word recognition is Trina demonstrating? - ANSWER pre-alphabetic A student is telling her IEP team that she is ready to revise her goals in reading. She wants to focus on comprehension and critical thinking. This student is exercising - ANSWER self-determination What's the difference between self-determination and self-advocacy? - ANSWER Self-advocacy is the ability to speak and act on behalf of one's self and self-determination is the ability to identify and achieve goals based on a foundation of knowing and valuing oneself. A typically developing child first demonstrates which of the following motor skills between the ages of 6 and 12 months? - ANSWER sitting unassisted A 2nd-grade teacher has referred a student who is struggling with basic reading skills for a comprehensive evaluation. Before the multidisciplinary team members begin the assessment process, they must complete which of the following steps first? - ANSWER obtaining written permission from the student's parents or guardians Which of the following measurement concepts compares an individual student's test performance with those of other students of the same age or grade level? - ANSWER standard score A 4th-grade student with a specific learning disability functions at a 2nd-grade level in written expression. The student participates actively in class discussions, but putting ideas in writing is an ongoing struggle. The class will soon take a curriculum-based social studies test that includes writing an essay. Which of the following accommodations would best facilitate the student's demonstration of learning? - ANSWER allowing the student to complete the test using oral responses A 9th-grade student in ESE with a learning disability has exhibited behaviors such as skipping class, fighting in class, and yelling at teachers. The student has accumulated 10 days of out-of-school suspension, and a manifestation determination meeting has been held. As the most appropriate next step, the IEP team should recommend conducting a(an) - ANSWER functional behavior assessment. A class is divided into small groups. Members of each group can collect tally marks for the group by following class rules but can also lose tally marks for the group each time a member breaks a class rule. The teacher notices a decrease in the frequency of students breaking the rules. Losing the tally marks for breaking class rules is an example of - ANSWER response cost. A student with a specific learning disability in mathematics computation has an IEP goal of completing classroom assignments independently 90% of the time. The ESE teacher has been successfully modeling for and prompting the student during instruction. Which of the following techniques should the teacher use to help the student work with increasing independence? - ANSWER fading Phonological difficulties at the receptive language level typically involve problems with - ANSWER discriminating speech sounds When an IEP team is initiating transition planning for a student with a disability, which of the following should be the team's primary focus? - ANSWER providing opportunities for the student to engage in job shadowing What was the first major federal law guaranteeing all children aged 5-21 the right to a public education? - ANSWER The Education for all Handicapped Children, or Education for the Handicapped Act (EHA) In the IEP process, which of the following takes place first? - ANSWER Referral During which step of the IEP process are classroom accommodations and modifications tested for effectiveness? - ANSWER Pre-referral The most recent amendments to the IDEA include which provision regarding the identification of specific learning disabilities? - ANSWER prohibit requiring a severe discrepancy between intellectual ability and performance to identify specific learning disabilities (SLD) Which of the following are children born with rubella NOT more likely to have? - ANSWER paralysis IDEA was signed into law and later reauthorized through a second revision in what years? - ANSWER 1990 and 2004 How was the training of special education teachers changed by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002? - ANSWER If a special education teacher is teaching a core subject, he/she must meet the standard of a highly-qualified teacher in that subject The NCLB affected students with limited English proficiency (LEP) by - ANSWER Requiring these students to demonstrate English Language proficiency before a high school diploma is granted Which component changed with the reauthorization of the Education for all Handicapped Children act of 1975 (EHA) 1990 EHA Amendment? - ANSWER specific terminology What's untrue about the Americans with disabilities Act? (ADA) - ANSWER it reauthorized the discretionary programs of EHA Effective transition was included in - ANSWER Public Law 101-476 Zero Reject requires all children with disabilities be provided with what? - ANSWER Free, appropriate public education The definition for "Other Health Impairments (OHI)" in IDEA - ANSWER Is the definition that accepts heart conditions Michael's teacher complains that he is constantly out of his seat. She also reports that he has trouble paying attention to what is going on in class for more than a couple of minutes at a time. He appears to be trying, but his writing is often illegible, containing many reversals. Although he seems to want to please, he is very impulsive and stays in trouble with his teacher. He is failing reading, and his math grades, though somewhat better, are still below average. Michael's Full and Individual Evaluation (FIE) Should include assessment for: - ANSWER Specific learning disabilities When a student is identified at being at-risk academically or socially what does Federal law hope for first? - ANSWER Perform remedial intervention in the classroom What do the 9th and 10th Amendments to the US Constitution state about education - ANSWER That education is an unstated power vested in the states (meaning it's undeclared in the states) Safeguards against bias and discrimination in the assessment of children include - ANSWER The use of evaluative materials in the child's native language or other mode of communication Mrs. Strokes has been teaching her third grade students about mammals during a recent science unit. Which of the following would be true of a criterion-referenced test she might administer at the end of the unit? - ANSWER It will be based on unit objectives Criterion-referenced tests can provide information about - ANSWER whether a student has mastered prerequisite skills Which of the following purposes calls for an informal test? - ANSWER Analyzing the responses of a student with a disability to various presentations of content material to see which strategy works for him. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about informal tests? - ANSWER Informal tests are useful in comparing students of their age/grade level For which situation might a teacher be apt to select a formal test? - ANSWER To compare student progress with that of peers of same age/grade level on a national basis One of your students receives a percentile rank of 45 on a standardized test. this indicates that the student's score - ANSWER Was at the point below which 45% of the other scores fell What happens in the partial-alphabetic stage? (Also called the rudimentary alphabetic stage) - ANSWER Children can recognize and name some letters of the alphabet, along with applying sounds to many consonants Automatic phase is - ANSWER When a student can read well enough that they don't have to decode much or at all When teaching a student who is predominantly auditory to read, it is best to stress - ANSWER phonetic analysis After purchasing what seemed to be a very attractive new math kit for use with her students who have learning disabilities, Ms. Davis discovered her students could not use the kit unless she read the math problems and instructions to them, as the readability level was higher than the majority of the students' functional reading capabilities. Which criterion of the selection of the material did Ms. Davis most likely fail to consider when selecting this math kit? - ANSWER Relevance Which of the following questions most directly evaluates the utility of instructional material? - ANSWER Are the materials organized in a useful manner? What can you do to create a good working environment with a classroom assistant? - ANSWER Plan lessons with the assistant Ms. Freud is a consultant teacher. She has two students with Mr. Ricardo. Mrs. Freud should - ANSWER Discuss lessons with the teacher and suggest modifications before class. Bob shows behavior problems such as lack of attention, out of seat and talking out. His teacher has kept data on these behaviors and has found that Bob is showing much better self-control since he has been self-managing himself through a behavior modification program. The most appropriate placement recommendation for Bob at this time is probably: - ANSWER The regular classroom solely What is a behavior intervention plan (BIP)? - ANSWER A plan, developed by a team, and based on the result of a Functional Behavior Assessment. At a minimum, the plan will include a description of the problem behavior(s), a hypothesis as to why the problem behavior(s) occur, comprehensive intervention strategies to support behavior change. What is a functional behavior assessment (FBA)? - ANSWER An assessment designed to identify potential causes of behavior. Procedures employed to decrease targeted behaviors include: - ANSWER Punishment The most important step in writing a FBA is - ANSWER Establish antecedents related or causative to the behavior Mrs. Chang is trying to prevent satiation from occurring so that her reinforcers will be effective, as she is using a continuous reinforcement schedule. Which of the following ides would be LEAST effective in preventing satiation? - ANSWER Using only one type of edible rather than a variety dispensing school supplies is a component associated with which type of reinforcement system - ANSWER activity reinforcement which type of reinforcement system is most easily generalized into other settings - ANSWER social reinforcement What does the Carrow Elicited Language Inventory assess? - ANSWER Syntax What is a token reinforcer? - ANSWER System used to increase appropriate behaviors. In such a system, a token (e.g., penny, sticker, etc.) is given following appropriate behavior, and after a predetermined number of tokens are collected, they can be traded in for a back-up reinforcer (e.g., candy, toy, interactive activity, etc.). What is a tangible reinforcer? - ANSWER is a physical reward given following a behavior that increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. In the Grammatic Closure subtest of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, the child is presented with a picture representing statements such as the following: "Here is one die; here are two _______." This test is essentially a test of - ANSWER Morphology Which of the following is an example of cross-model perception involving integrating visual stimuli to an auditory process? - ANSWER Describing a picture Matthew's conversational speech is adequate, but when he tried to speak before a group of two or more listeners, his speech becomes mumbling and halting. What activity would be LEAST helpful in strengthening Matthew's self-expression skills? - ANSWER Asking him comprehension questions about a story that was read to a class What's the first step in teaching preparation for social situations? - ANSWER Anticipate possible problems Students with disabilities are LEAST likely to improve their social skills by - ANSWER Talking with their sibling(s) What kind of assessment should you give in order to evaluate a student's work ethics? - ANSWER Naturalistic What is career awareness? - ANSWER Acknowledging the diversity of different jobs What is career exploration? - ANSWER Finding out the skills needed for occupational groups What is career preparation? - ANSWER specific training/preparation for the world of work An IEP concludes that an individual may be functioning in the range of an intellectual disability. In order to see how a student is performing in comparison to other students, what should the team members determine to be part of his assessment plan? - ANSWER norm-referenced test should be part of his assessment plan What program was started in 2004 for 4 year olds that was designed to help them prepare for kindergarten? - ANSWER VPK Ed Program Kevin is a third-grader who continues to sound out many words when he reads and reads very slowly. He uses so much effort in identifying the words that he frequently misses the main points of the story. He concentrates on unlocking the word rather than reading the word automatically. Kevin's main comprehension barrier is - ANSWER His main barrier is fluency An elementary school student with severe physical disabilities requires assistance with feedings. What's the most important thing the teacher can realize about this situation? - ANSWER the type/consistency of how the foods should be What do professional organizations avoid doing in order to influence public policy? - ANSWER Running for any public offices What are purposes of a professional organization? - ANSWER Filling amicus briefs with courts, testifying before congress, and lobbying What's NOT a feature of effective reading instruction? - ANSWER Collaborating with the reading teacher/specialist Following the teaching practice as it is provided in research is called - ANSWER Treatment fidelity Mr. Halpern is about to start a unit on the American Civil War. He has several students with learning disabilities in his class and some students who are English language learners. What is his first step in getting ready to teach the chapter? - ANSWER Select the major concepts and related vocab to be taught Students with auditory discrimination differences may benefit from - ANSWER ebooks An ESE teacher provides reading instruction to a small group of 2nd graders. Each student has IEP goals related to increasing their sight word and fluency. What procedure should the teacher perform to monitor the student's progress towards these goals? - ANSWER Reviewing data on each student's accuracy and speed on a graph weekly When students are suspended for more than 10 days, the school must - ANSWER give an oral or written notice of charges and opportunity to respond to these charges It's important to follow the established basal and ceiling levels when administering a standardized achievement test to - ANSWER determine the student's grade equivalency Progress monitoring students with CBM's allows teachers to - ANSWER revise the intervention if it's ineffective A middle school ELA teachers comes to the ESE teacher for advice about Ana, a student with a writing-related learning disability. The ELA teacher says that while Ana writes fluently and has many original ideas, her inattention to punctuation and makes her work hard to read. The ESE teacher has worked with Ana on punctuation and seen significant improvement on exercises and drills in the resource room. What should the ESE teacher suggest to the ELA teacher? - ANSWER hold Ana accountable for punctuation errors when grading her work, as outlined in her IEP What activities would be included in the general community-functioning domain of transition planning? - ANSWER shopping, transportation, and banking Compared to a young child with normal vision, a young child with a visual impairment is likely to find it more challenging to - ANSWER acquire incidental info from the environment Max was having trouble in the 2nd grade classroom. His teacher brought her concerns to the IEP team after concluding problem solving strategies in a multi-tiered system of supports. Mr. and Mrs. Jones gave written permission for an initial evaluation to occur. The IEP team now wishes to conduct an eligibility staffing to discuss Max's initial evaluation. What does not meet the requirement for informing parents that the IEP team is conducting an eligibility staffing? - ANSWER The team implements and plans the evaluation findings without informing the parents A para-educator is assigned to a gen ed classroom that includes several students with disabilities. What best describes the responsibility of the para-educator in this setting? - ANSWER assisting the students with disabilities during small-group instruction high responders - ANSWER refer to students who respond well to intervention and maintain grade-level performance After the passage of a law, legal guidelines for implementing the law are written. These guidelines are called - ANSWER regulations What's NOT a step for pre-teaching vocab words? - ANSWER Vocab words are displayed on cards or on a chart What level of text should be used for repeated reading? - ANSWER Instructional level Carmen, a student in Mr. Tanaka's class, is constantly asking for the time. She does this 15 times a day. Mr. Tanaka considers this to be attention-seeking behavior and wishes to eliminate it. He usually responds to Carmen's request by telling her the time. Which intervention would be the best for Carmen? - ANSWER differential reinforcement A person's ability to understand language is called - ANSWER receptive language Choice in student learning is considered - ANSWER A powerful motivating tool Name an activity related to career awareness - ANSWER studying community service workers According to the requirements of IDEA, what would be an appropriate post-secondary goal for John? - ANSWER John will join a cycling organization, since cycling is his favorite leisure activity Laura is a blind elementary school student who's begun thinking about future careers. What would best promote her self-determination? - ANSWER inviting her to join the IEP team and participate in planning for discussions Which of the following students needs the most self-determination? - ANSWER a student who's anxious because she isn't sure what she wants to do after graduation Which agency provides the most career-related counseling to a person with a disability? - ANSWER vocational rehab agency Following a head injury, a student has some paralysis in his tongue, resulting in slurred speech and distorting certain phonemes. What's a description of his impairment? - ANSWER dysarthria At which tier is the approach to positive behavior management the most proactive? - ANSWER the first tier Which would be the most appropriate description of problem behavior in a FBA? - ANSWER Juan often exhibits hostility towards peers and often gets into fights with them Which of the following most clearly illustrates the removal of a negative reinforcer for a problem behavior? - ANSWER A student complaining about an assignment because he wants to be disciplined so he doesn't have to do the assignment. The teacher tells him that he still has to do the assignment even if he gets in trouble. Which of the following best illustrates formative assessment? - ANSWER quiz administered during the first week of class that's not graded but rather used to guide instructional decisions What's the sequence of activities in systematic instruction? - ANSWER PRPGI planning review presentation guided practice independent practice What best describes a heterogeneous grouping in a math class? - ANSWER The teacher ensures that each group has one student who scored an A on a test and one student that scored a C on the test An elementary school student asks her teacher in front of the class why a speech-impaired classmate "talks funny." How should the teacher respond? - ANSWER The teacher should provide a brief, factual answer, comment on some distinctive characteristic favorably of the speech-impaired student and how each student in the class is unique. During the 2nd week of school, a teacher notices that the medication one of her students takes every day impairs the student's energy and concentration, resulting in frequent breaks. The teacher believes that the student's low performance on tests administered at the start of the school year is not indicative of how well the student will function in class, bc those tests were administered with no breaks. What type of validity is the teacher's concerns? - ANSWER predictive An IEP team learns from anecdotal reports that a student a student with both hearing and speech disabilities is performing well in some academic and social contexts while struggling in others. What type of assessment is most likely to help the team determine the extent of the student's difficulties and develop a plan of action for him? - ANSWER Ecological assessment A particular assessment reveals that Marisa has performed at the 37th percentile for her age group in comprehension. What type of assessment was used? - ANSWER A norm-referenced assessment was used Disproportionality refers to - ANSWER The over-representation of students from certain backgrounds in ESE programs Under which of the following conditions would a functional behavior assessment be legally required for a disabled student? - ANSWER The student commits an act of aggression that would ordinarily result in a two-week suspension Devon, a student with an intellectual disability, is having trouble operating a new software being used in the class. The teacher believes Devon is able to successfully use the program, but he's having trouble with the beginning steps needed to start up the program. What should the teacher do to help Devon? - ANSWER The teacher should model for Devon the sequence of steps by which the program's basic functions are run Phonological awareness is - ANSWER a broad skill that includes identifying and manipulating units of oral language - parts such as words, syllables, and onsets and rimes. What are the smallest units of spoken language called? - ANSWER Phonemes Phonics is: - ANSWER a method of teaching people to read by correlating sounds with letters or groups of letters in an alphabetic writing system. What is Race to the Top? - ANSWER A $4.35 billion competitive grant created to reward K-12 schools. What happens in Piaget's sensorimotor stage of development? (0-2 years old) - ANSWER Children figure out the world through sensory/motor experiences What happens in Piaget's pre-operational stage of development? (2-6 years old) - ANSWER Children use symbols for objects but do not have the ability to think logically What happens in Piaget's concrete operational stage of development? (7-12 years old) - ANSWER Logical reasoning in children kicks in formal operational stage (12 years old-adulthood) - ANSWER the stage at which people develop the ability to think abstractly What are procedural safeguards? - ANSWER Steps to ensure that ESE and related services meet the needs of students with disabilities How often does IEP reevaluation happen? - ANSWER Once every three years IDEA of 2004 requires districts to teach students in the least _____________________________ environment. - ANSWER Restrictive What are a few organizations that govern ESE? - ANSWER NASET and CEC Teachers often use ________________ _______________________________ when working with ELLs - ANSWER Oral assessments What type of services might some ESE students enrolled in Honors-level classes receive? - ANSWER Consult services What are examples of research-based practices that educators can use to make instructional decisions? - ANSWER test scores, behavior data, parent surveys, etc. What occurs in MTSS tier 2? - ANSWER Differentiated instruction that some students receive in addition to tier 1 intervention What occurs in MTSS tier 3? - ANSWER Differentiated instruction that only a few students receive (the most intensive out of the 3 tiers) What are the five-steps of a FBA? - ANSWER D.C.A.D.M: 1. define problem 2. collect data 3. analyze the data 4. design and implement a behavior plan (the student should be included in this) 5. monitor the plan throughout its implementation What are the four phases of Word Recognition? - ANSWER P.P.F.C: pre-alphabetic, partial-alphabetic, full-alphabetic, and consolidated-alphabetic Students are engaging in ______________________ when they are decoding words using the prefixes and suffixes to determine pronunciation and meaning - ANSWER Structural analysis The graphophonic cueing system focuses on - ANSWER The relationship between sounds and symbols, e.g., letter/sound recognition. What are the four stages of writing? - ANSWER P.P.E.T. Prelit drawing Prelit scribbling Emergent Transitional What happens in the prelit drawing stage? - ANSWER The student uses drawing/writing to send a purposeful message. What happens in the prescribble stage? - ANSWER The student scribbles but intends the scribbles to be writing. What happens in the emergent writing stage? - ANSWER The student uses random letters or drawings What happens in the transitional writing stage? - ANSWER The student continues to use a variety of different strategies to spell more difficult words. Mapping/diagramming a sentence is when students ____________________. - ANSWER outline the structure of the sentence After giving a formative assessment, Ms. Jones notices her students are having trouble writing correct sentences. She wants to give them practice so they can write better. She decides to have students map sentences so they can understand the structure. What kind of analysis is this? - ANSWER syntactic analysis What is compacting in terms of tiered math grouping? - ANSWER Groups of students who can skip steps and move quickly because they have advanced math fluency. Partitioning meaning - ANSWER Taking large numbers and splitting them into small, manageable units. Compensation - ANSWER Borrowing pieces of one number to compensate for another to make it easier to solve. Elisabeth's teacher gives a spelling test at the end of the week to determine student mastery of the words. What type of assessment is this? - ANSWER Curriculum based assessment When a teacher keeps written notes of a student's words/actions, gathered while they happen or shortly after, the teacher is completing - ANSWER Anecdotal recording during an anecdotal observation, what does the observor record? - ANSWER Everything observed about the student's behavior What is fading? - ANSWER refers to decreasing the level of assistance to a student needed to complete a task or activity. Typical cognitive development for a middle school student would be: - ANSWER concrete operational stage would be typical development for a middle schooler Which of the following accommodations is NOT permitted to be used on a state-assessment? - ANSWER On a reading assessment, a teacher reads the passage aloud to the student. What does functional curriculum emphasize? - ANSWER real-world tasks What would be an effective assessment of functional curriculum? - ANSWER A task list on designing and implementing a weekly budget. A third-grade student is displaying difficulty in literacy, specifically multi-syllable words. The teacher has implemented evidence-based interventions and nothing seems to help the student. She suspects the student may have a learning disability. What would be the most effective next step for the teacher to take in this situation? - ANSWER Begin the process of implementing a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS) for the student. A student is having difficulty pronouncing the correct sounds in words. The student is: - ANSWER struggling with phonemes Under the CCSS, portions of the FCAT will be replaced by a new assessment that aligns with the CCSS known as - ANSWER Partnership for assessment of readiness for college and careers (PARCC) One of the primary purposes of early intervention services is to - ANSWER Recommend interventions and document attempts for academic and/or behavior problems What is included in implicit instruction? - ANSWER Direct teaching and logical instructional sequence Mrs. Jones blocks out 20 mins for word study everyday. She models skills and strategies that students need to decipher unknown words and explains why it's important to learn these words and guides students in acquisition of the strategy. what instructional method is she using? - ANSWER Mrs. Jones is using explicit instruction Relative to public schools, the basic legal and ethical principles on which both FERPA and the student record Privacy Rule of HIPAA were founded - ANSWER Are the same principles A child with which type of disability is likely to be best at focusing attention on one thing for a long time? - ANSWER Autism spectrum disorder One major obstacle in evaluating student progress is - ANSWER planning/organizing an evaluation system What refers to the use of a variety of grouping practices that change depending on the goals/objectives for the lesson? - ANSWER This refers to flexible grouping Services that are coordinated through hoe, school, and community settings are described as - ANSWER wraparound processes FBA provides info needed to increase likelihood that an intervention will be successful. What best describes the functional assessment? - ANSWER the behavior of concern where the behaviors occur consequences that maintain the behavior data that support the hypothesis What is NOT a guideline for teaching phonemic awareness? - ANSWER Teaching phonemic awareness as whole-class instruction Which strategy is NOT effective in teaching sight words? - ANSWER Repeated readings are ineffective in teaching sight words What is morphology? - ANSWER the study of word structure What are the four stages of career development in the correct order? - ANSWER AEPP Awareness Exploration Preparation Placement Opportunities where students work alongside employees of area businesses for a few hours are called - ANSWER job shadowing How was the training of special education teachers changed by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002? - ANSWER If a SPED teacher is teaching a core subject, they must meet the standard of a highly-qualified teacher in that subject How should a post adult outcome goal be written to reflect the new IDEA requirements? - ANSWER They should be written as "The student will etc" What behavior would be expected at the mild level of emotional/behavioral disorders? - ANSWER Attention seeking Which of the following would be considered of highest priority when determining the need for appropriate special education and related services? - ANSWER An 8 year old boy having issues with toileting and motor movements who has been repeating first grade and his teacher refuses to use the student's accommodations What's an example of an alternative assessment? - ANSWER Testing skills in a "real world" simulation in different settings Acculturation is defined as - ANSWER differences in experiential background What is a prerequisite skill? - ANSWER Skill which must be demonstrated before instruction on a specific task can begin What is NOT a suggestion for altering the presentation to match a student's rate of learning? - ANSWER Continue to teach a task until the lesson is completed in order to provide more time on task What happens in the acquisition stage of learning? - ANSWER Intro of a new skill What happens in the maintenance stage of learning? - ANSWER Continued practice without further instruction What happens in the proficiency stage of learning? - ANSWER Practice under supervision to achieve accuracy and speed What are the 4 stages of learning in order? - ANSWER AMPG Acquisition Maintenance Proficiency Generalization Alan has failed repeatedly in his academic work. He needs continuous feedback in order to experience small, incremental achievements. What type of instructional material would best meet this need? (Skill 4.09) (RIGOROUS) - ANSWER Programmed materials According to the three tier RTI model, students who need a moderate amount of help in one of the five critical areas of reading instruction in a gen ed class would receive additional reading instruction through the - ANSWER supplemental reading program At what level of mathematics instruction will a child need to spend the most time on to successfully master the objectives? - ANSWER Concept level What happens in the symbolic level of math instruction? - ANSWER Students internalize the concepts and can manipulate them without any further scaffolding What's a less than ideal example of collaboration in successful inclusion? - ANSWER Special ed teacher assist regular ed teachers in the classroom Who should write a behavioral intervention plan? (BIP) - ANSWER A BIP should always be written by a team A BIP is based on the behaviorist assumption that many problematic behaviors are - ANSWER learned What component of language involves language content rather than the form of language? - ANSWER Semantics involves language content A functional curriculum includes - ANSWER life skills