PSY-402 Topic 1 DQ2

PSY-402 Topic 1 DQ2 Describe two methods of research for studying neural function (describe at least one that uses the behavioral or cognitive approach). How do these methods complement one another? What are the limitations of each method? Class, Both the MEG or magneto- encephalography and the electrocardiogram or ECoG are methods of research used to study the neural functioning and both use the behavioral approach. The MEG creates small magnetic fields. Neurosurgeons are able to localize where the electrical current is coming from with more accuracy that and EEG and has been able to pinpoint locations of epileptic seizure and tumors. The downside to this method is that the signal can only be identified when it is, “parallel to the surface of the skull” so not all neurons can be recorded making this method limited in use (Gazzaniga, Ivry and Mangum, 2013). The other downfall is that it is very difficult to identify the weak magnetic fields that are given off by the brain so a MEG device must be protected from all magnetic fields, including those naturally occurring in the earth, in order to be effective. The ECoG uses electrodes “that can also be used to stimulate the brain and to map and localize cortical and sub cortical neurological functions, such as motor or language function” (Gazzaniga, Ivry and Mangum, 2013). Knowing this information prior to surgery is a huge benefit as it allows surgeons to know what areas of the brain would be affected by surgery. A downside to this method is only used on those needing surgery as it can only be place on the surface of the brain itself. The MEG and ECoG complement each other in that the MEG can localize where areas of the brain are affected in a negative way and then the ECoG would help in identifying by knowing where the healthy areas of the brain are from previous scan allowing for certain areas to be avoided based on the ECoG being able to identify if those areas of the brain are functioning properly (Gazzaniga, Ivry and Mangum, 2013). In this way, it makes up for some of the negative side of the MEG and the specific angles the testing can come through on. It will eliminate some of those areas by testing them as healthy thanks to the EcoG. Gazzaniga, M., Ivry, R., & Mangun, G. (2013). Cognitive neuroscience: The biology of the mind (4th ed.). New York, NY: Norton.