MMSC 490 Practice Quizzes Modules 1-4 with complete solutions

MMSC 490 Practice Quizzes Modules 1-4 with complete solutions The feature that most clearly distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence of .......... in eukaryotic cells. RNA molecules a nucleus oxidative phosphorylation ribosomes - Answer ️️ -Nucleus Cytoplasmic organelles are absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. present in prokaryotic cells and absent in eukaryotic cells. absent in prokaryotic cells and present in eukaryotic cells. present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. - Answer ️️ -absent in prokaryotic cells and present in eukaryotic cells. The eukaryotic nucleus contains .......... DNA molecule(s). a single circular multiple circular a single linear multiple linear - Answer ️️ -multiple linear Stanley Miller applied electric sparks to a reducing atmosphere of methane, ammonia, water, and hydrogen, and the resulting products showed that under these conditions, amino acids can polymerize into polypeptides. nucleotides can polymerize into nucleic acids. nucleotides can form. amino acids can form. - Answer ️️ -amino acids can form Which energy-producing process is thought to have come first during cellular evolution? Photosynthesis Proteolysis Glycolysis Oxidative phosphorylation - Answer ️️ -glycolysis At the time life arose on Earth, Earth's atmosphere contained abundant amounts of all of the following except N2. H2. H2S. O2. - Answer ️️ -O2 CO2 to organic compounds radically changed Earth by producing O2. cellulose. sugar. H2. - Answer ️️ -O2 RNA is believed to have been the initial genetic system because it can catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides into another RNA strand. form a stable double helix with a complementary nucleic acid strand. form ribosomes. transfer amino acids to ribosomes - Answer ️️ -catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides into another RNA strand. The initial importance of a membrane enclosing self-replicating RNA molecules and associated proteins was that it maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution. transported materials in and out of the compartment. kept other molecules out of the compartment. provided sites for proteins to function. - Answer ️️ -maintained these molecules as a unit capable of reproduction and evolution. The bacterial genome is located in a portion of the cell called the nucleoid. nucleus. nucleolus. mesosome. - Answer ️️ -nucleoid Eukaryotic cell nuclei contain genes that are partly archaebacterial and partly bacterial in origin. primarily of archaebacterial origin. primarily of bacterial origin. all of eukaryotic origin. - Answer ️️ -partly archaebacterial and partly bacterial in origin Organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated in eukaryotic cells via a process called exocytosis. phagocytosis. endosymbiosis. endocytosis. - Answer ️️ -endosymbiosis Mitochondria and chloroplasts resemble bacteria in that they All of the above reproduce by simple division into two. have their own ribosomes. have their own DNA. - Answer ️️ -all of the above Which of the following is a colonial organism closely related to the evolutionary precursors of present-day plants? Dictyostelium discoideum Paramecium Arabidopsis thaliana Volvox - Answer ️️ -Volvox