Virginia Commercial Applicator Category 3B Turf Pest Control Key Terms

Virginia
Commercial
Applicator
Category
3B
Turf
Pest
Control
Key
Terms
Calibrate
-
ANSWER-To
measure
the
delivery
rate
and
distribution
of
application
equipment;
to
adjust
application
equipment
so
the
desired
amount
of
pesticide
is
applied
evenly
to
a
given
area.
Disease
-
ANSWER-An
abnormal,
unhealthy
condition.
Turf
diseases
may
be
caused
by
abiotic
or
biotic
factors.
However,
they
are
typically
due
to
infectious
organisms
such
as
bacteria,
fungi,
and
viruses.
Exclusion
-
ANSWER-Using
some
sort
of
barrier
to
keep
a
pest
out
of
an
area.
Exposure
-
ANSWER-Coming
in
contact
with
a
pesticide
either
by
ingestion
(oral),
inhalation,
or
absorption
through
the
skin
(dermal).
Habitat
-
ANSWER-A
specific
area
or
environment
in
which
an
organism
normally
lives.
Insect
-
ANSWER-An
arthropod
with
three
body
regions:
a
head
(front),
a
thorax
(middle),
and
an
abdomen
(rear).
Most
insects
have
one
pair
of
antennae
on
the
head,
two
pairs
of
Wings,
and
three
pairs
of
legs
on
the
thorax.
Most
have
complex
mouthparts
adapted
for
a
special
type
of
feeding.
Integrated
Pest
Management
(IPM)
-
ANSWER-VA
management
system
that
uses
all
appropriate
pest
control
strategies
to
reduce
pest
populations
to
an
acceptable
level.
IPM
uses
an
ecological
approach
to
pest
management.
Life
Cycle
-
ANSWER-An
0rganism's
progression
through
developmental
stages.
As
some
organisms
go
through
their
life
cycle,
they
change
in
body
form
and
habits. Mite
-
ANSWER-A
small
arachnid
with
eight
legs
in
the
adult
stage.
Mites
have
a
single
body
region,
which
seems
to
lack
segmentation.
Some
mites
are
plant
pests.
Mollusk
-
ANSWER-A
soft-bodied
animal.
A
mollusk
does
not
have
a
backbone.
Mollusks
have
a
hard
calcium-based
shell
covering
its
body.
Clams,
snails,
and
slugs
are
mollusks.
Monitoring
-
ANSWER-The
process
of
assessing-"keeping
tabs
on"—the
size
and
distribution
of
a
pest
population
in
an
area.
Natural
Controls
-
ANSWER-Natural
forces
that
affect
pest
populations.
Examples
include
climate,
natural
enemies,
natural
barriers,
and
the
availability
of
food,
water,
and
shelter.
These
natural
forces
act
independently
and
may
either
help
or
hinder
human
attempts
to
control
pests.
Nematode
-
ANSWER-A
small,
unsegmented
roundworm.
Most
nematodes
are
so
small
that
they
cannot
be
seen
with
the
naked
eye.
Leaching
-
ANSWER-Movement
of
a
substance
(such
as
a
pesticide)
in
solution
downward
through
soil.
Nematicide
-
ANSWER-A
pesticide
that
controls
nematodes.
Parasite
-
ANSWER-An
organism
that
obtains
its
food
from
another
living
thing,
and
in
so
doing,
harms
that
organism
(its
host).
The
disease
organism
is
the
parasite,
and
the
infected
organism
is
the
host.
Perennial
-
ANSWER-A
plant
that
lives
for
more
than
two
growing
seasons.
Pesticide
-
ANSWER-Any
substance
used
to
control
or
repel
a
pest,
or
to
reduce
the
unwanted
or
harmful
effects
of
a
pest.
Phloem
-
ANSWER-A
specialized
plant
tissue,
that
conducts
food.
Phytotoxicity
-
ANSWER-Injury
or
damage
to
a
sensitive
plant
caused
by
a
chemical
exposure. Poling
-
ANSWER-Brushing
the
surface
of
a
turf
stand
with
long,
limber
bamboo
poles.
This
practice
helps
remove
water
from
leaves.
Poling
bermudagrass
golf
greens
in
early
morning
helps
to
get
rid
of
dew.
Predator
-
ANSWER-An
animal
which
hunts
and
kills
other
animals
for
food.
Relative
Humidity
(RH)
-
ANSWER-A
temperature-specific
measure
of
the
amount
of
moisture
held
in
the
air.
RH
is
the
ratio
of
the
amount
of
water
vapor
in
air
at
a
specific
temperature
to
the
amount
of
Water
vapor
required
for
saturation
at
that
temperature.
Resistance
-
ANSWER-The
ability
of
a
plant
to
withstand
infection
or
attack
by
a
pest.
There
are
levels
of
resistance.
For
example,
some
plant
strains
may
be
susceptible,
weakly
resistant,
or
strongly
resistant
to
a
specific
type
of
pest.
Total
resistance
is
"immunity."
Saprophyte
-
ANSWER-An
organism
that
obtains
its
nutrition
from
dead
or
decaying
organic
matter.
Aqueous
Spray
-
ANSWER-An
application
in
which
the
pesticide
product
is
diluted
with
Water
and
applied
as
a
liquid
spray.
Backpack
Sprayer
-
ANSWER-A
hand-pumped
sprayer
carried
on
the
back
of
the
operator.
Backpack
sprayers
are
usually
used
for
treating
small
areas
and
for
making
spot
treatments.
Back
Siphoning
-
ANSWER-Movement
of
liquid
from
the
application
equipment
back
into
the
Water
source.
Calibration
-
ANSWER-The
process
of
measuring
and
adjusting
the
amount
of
pesticide
a
piece
of
equipment
applies
to
a
target.
Density
-
ANSWER-Mass
per
unit
volume.