Karch Focus on Nursing Pharmacology
Chapter 50 Questions and Correct
Answers
aldosterone - correct answers:hormone produced by the adrenalgland causees distal tubule to retain Na
(and water), while losing K into urine
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - correct answers:hormone produced by the hypothalamus stored in the
posterior pituitary gland; important in fluid balance; causes distal tubules and collecting ducts of the
kidney to become permeable to water, leading to an antidiuretic effect and fluid retention
carbonic anhydrase - correct answers:catalyst that speeds up the chemical reaction combining water and
carbon dioxide, which react to form carbonic acid and immediately dissociate to form sodium
bicarbonate
countercurrent mechanism - correct answers:process used by medullary nephrons to concentrate or
dilute the urine in response to body stimuli to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
filtration - correct answers:passage of fluid and small components of the blood through the glomerulus
into the nephron tubule
glomerulus - correct answers:tuft of blood vessel between the afferent and efferent arterioles in the
nephron; the fenestrated memebrane of the glomerulus allows filtration of fluid from the blood into the
nephron tubule
nephron - correct answers:functional unit of the kidney, composed of bowman's capsule, the proximal
and distal convoluted tubules, and the collecting duct
prostate gland - correct answers:gland located around the male urethra; responsible for producing an
acidic fluid that maintains sperm and lubricates the urinary tract
Chapter 50 Questions and Correct
Answers
aldosterone - correct answers:hormone produced by the adrenalgland causees distal tubule to retain Na
(and water), while losing K into urine
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - correct answers:hormone produced by the hypothalamus stored in the
posterior pituitary gland; important in fluid balance; causes distal tubules and collecting ducts of the
kidney to become permeable to water, leading to an antidiuretic effect and fluid retention
carbonic anhydrase - correct answers:catalyst that speeds up the chemical reaction combining water and
carbon dioxide, which react to form carbonic acid and immediately dissociate to form sodium
bicarbonate
countercurrent mechanism - correct answers:process used by medullary nephrons to concentrate or
dilute the urine in response to body stimuli to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
filtration - correct answers:passage of fluid and small components of the blood through the glomerulus
into the nephron tubule
glomerulus - correct answers:tuft of blood vessel between the afferent and efferent arterioles in the
nephron; the fenestrated memebrane of the glomerulus allows filtration of fluid from the blood into the
nephron tubule
nephron - correct answers:functional unit of the kidney, composed of bowman's capsule, the proximal
and distal convoluted tubules, and the collecting duct
prostate gland - correct answers:gland located around the male urethra; responsible for producing an
acidic fluid that maintains sperm and lubricates the urinary tract
