NHS Pathways 111 Revision Exam 2024 Graded A Questions and Answers

What is the priority when conduction a telephone assessment? - to establish if the patients condition is IMMEDIATELY life-threatening how long does it take for cells to die after not receiving oxygen? - 3-5 minutes what are the three essential things to keep the body supplied with oxygen? - Airway, Breathing and Circulation What does 'AIRWAY' mean in regards to ABC - A clear airway through which air, containing oxygen, can enter What does 'BREATHING' mean in regards to ABC - Air enters the lungs where oxygen passes into the body What does 'CIRCULATION' mean in regards to ABC - A pumping heart and enough blood to carry oxygen to the body. Anything blocking the passage of air can stop oxygen reaching the body, what are the 2 reasons that could cause this? - Choking and person is unconscious and tongue may flop back and block airway What reasons can cause a person to stop breathing? - blocked airway, heart attack, head/chest injury, drowning, severe allergy or poisoning True or false 'a person that stops breathing will become unconcious' - true what are signs that someone is not breathing? - skin may be pale, grey or blue chest not moving no breathing sounds what does the body need for circulation? - a pumping heart and enough blood what is shock? - a life-threatening condition when the cardiovascular system fails and is unable to circulate enough oxygen around the body. what are signs of shock? - collapsed - weak/unable to stand cold skin - wet and clammy paler skin - grey or blue what happens to blood when the body goes into shock? - diverts blood from the skin to more essential organs what are causes of shock? - severe blood loss, heavy fluid loss, failure of the heart, severe infections, low blood sugar, lack of certain hormones what is CPR? - cardiopulmonary resuscitation For every minute that CPR is delated, what happens to the survival rate? - reduction by 10% what is an AED? - automated external defibrillator What does an AED do? - diagnosis certain times of life-threatening problems with hearts rythnm, and treats these with an electric shock. What happens once an AED has given a shock? - it analyses the rhythm and either instructs CPR or another shock to be administered What is agonal breathing? - abnormal breathing pattern - slow, sometimes noisy, irregular breaths that occur every 10-15 seconds what can agonal breathing be described as?S - gasping, snorting, gurgling, funny noises what state will a person be in with agonal breathing? - collapsed and unconscious. what is step 1 of chain of survival? - early recognition and call for help what is step 2 of chain of survival? - early bystander CPR what is step 3 of chain of survival? - early defibrillation what is step 4 of chain of survival? - early advanced life support and standardised post-resuscitation care what are the most common causes of illness? - viral and bacterial infections what happens when viruses or bacteria invade the body and grow - side effects are produced that cause illness and damage what is the immune response to the body fighting off the invading germ - side effects such as swollen glands, high temperature, swelling or discharge occurs making us feel unwell what can be caused when an organ becomes weak or damaged? - illness what can be caused when cells grow abnormally? - illness