WGU C785 Biochemistry Unit4

DNA - A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. RNA - A single-stranded nucleic acid that passes along genetic messages Central Dogma - DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein Bases of DNA - Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine Bases of RNA - Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil Nucleotide - A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. Nucleic Acid - DNA and RNA Helicase - An enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands. DNA Polymerase - Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule Primase - An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer using the parental DNA strand as a template. Codon - Three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid Codon Chart - Device used to determine the amino acid coded for by a codon