~
active
Decay random spontaneous
>
- +
ALPHA
decay HALF-LIFE >
-
the time it takes for the countrate/
nuclei to half
.
. mass no
1 = ↓4
the no ·
of
7
radioactive atom >
- has unstable nucleus so
IN MOST ↓
mes, 3
CASES 234 4
F
68
h C
+
40 --x-decaycurve
to form more emits particles/waves
98 2 L
20
T
Stable atom -
from nucleus c .
atomicno. daughter G
& < in
a
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII-ENERGY ↓2
=
= nucleus S 18
un3
"
Y III half-lives
MICRADIATION BETA
decay high speed e-emitted (2)
77
in " (u) >
-
Atomic
=
-
D
proton (1)
DECAY mass A atomic numb
(nuclear radiation)
radioactive > neutron -
>
atom eut
- PARTICLE
ALPHA
a . mass no
1 same
4
=
2
.
-
-
~
particle EM wave 14 14 g
- -
- C > N t S BETA g +1
6 F -
1
ALPHA BETA GAMMA T
GAMMAY j g
atomic no
U
.
2 .
a S = + 1 NEUTRON -
1 O
helium nucleus
high speed electron electromagnetic GAMMA emission -
energy is released as a wave
· ·
>
insteadof particles
bulley/large small/light radiation
·
↳ change
·
causes no
(relativeto alpha to atomic structure
. measured in m
ionises atoms not matter
ground Radiation
~ >
-
· ·
easily ·
moves v .
fast CEMwave) ga same ga · natural sources :
·
man-m
Tc Tc U
j (igneous) rocks
↳ nu
u
> +
4 4 ↳ -
release
radongas
a
o O
f
Atomic Structure
43 same 43
-
He neutron can be emitted ↳ cosmic emits Uradiation
OR +
S C rays
-
OR
↳ n
2 2 -
1 -
1
by unstable nuclei
-
a
name symboleed rang penetration
power
ionising
power
cont
of ra
Fission Mesplittinggar
a /Pu)
S
GAMMAray
>
-
ALPHA
~
I sheet of
① slow ~sem
paper
v .
high irradiation >
- the (
2 causes unstable nucleus to
nuclei 3) exposing an object t
split into two daughter
few sheets
BETA S 15cm 7
Low = V
fast
~
aluminium c
"N 4) Cor 3 neutrons are ejected
3
Y Kr My
neutron ↳ these hit other U-235 ↑
vacuum/ several an M U-23y m
·
FI us
50N
GAMMP)
>
higher several 77 nuclei > CHAINREACTIO
O v Low & 11 ⑱
fast) meest) Ba &
.
(v fired at unstable
·
, lead 1
nucleus it // neutron
= - · U-235 ---
+ absorbed
~ -
..
- -
active
Decay random spontaneous
>
- +
ALPHA
decay HALF-LIFE >
-
the time it takes for the countrate/
nuclei to half
.
. mass no
1 = ↓4
the no ·
of
7
radioactive atom >
- has unstable nucleus so
IN MOST ↓
mes, 3
CASES 234 4
F
68
h C
+
40 --x-decaycurve
to form more emits particles/waves
98 2 L
20
T
Stable atom -
from nucleus c .
atomicno. daughter G
& < in
a
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII-ENERGY ↓2
=
= nucleus S 18
un3
"
Y III half-lives
MICRADIATION BETA
decay high speed e-emitted (2)
77
in " (u) >
-
Atomic
=
-
D
proton (1)
DECAY mass A atomic numb
(nuclear radiation)
radioactive > neutron -
>
atom eut
- PARTICLE
ALPHA
a . mass no
1 same
4
=
2
.
-
-
~
particle EM wave 14 14 g
- -
- C > N t S BETA g +1
6 F -
1
ALPHA BETA GAMMA T
GAMMAY j g
atomic no
U
.
2 .
a S = + 1 NEUTRON -
1 O
helium nucleus
high speed electron electromagnetic GAMMA emission -
energy is released as a wave
· ·
>
insteadof particles
bulley/large small/light radiation
·
↳ change
·
causes no
(relativeto alpha to atomic structure
. measured in m
ionises atoms not matter
ground Radiation
~ >
-
· ·
easily ·
moves v .
fast CEMwave) ga same ga · natural sources :
·
man-m
Tc Tc U
j (igneous) rocks
↳ nu
u
> +
4 4 ↳ -
release
radongas
a
o O
f
Atomic Structure
43 same 43
-
He neutron can be emitted ↳ cosmic emits Uradiation
OR +
S C rays
-
OR
↳ n
2 2 -
1 -
1
by unstable nuclei
-
a
name symboleed rang penetration
power
ionising
power
cont
of ra
Fission Mesplittinggar
a /Pu)
S
GAMMAray
>
-
ALPHA
~
I sheet of
① slow ~sem
paper
v .
high irradiation >
- the (
2 causes unstable nucleus to
nuclei 3) exposing an object t
split into two daughter
few sheets
BETA S 15cm 7
Low = V
fast
~
aluminium c
"N 4) Cor 3 neutrons are ejected
3
Y Kr My
neutron ↳ these hit other U-235 ↑
vacuum/ several an M U-23y m
·
FI us
50N
GAMMP)
>
higher several 77 nuclei > CHAINREACTIO
O v Low & 11 ⑱
fast) meest) Ba &
.
(v fired at unstable
·
, lead 1
nucleus it // neutron
= - · U-235 ---
+ absorbed
~ -
..
- -
