Cardiac Catheterization- The Basics Questions And Answers 2024

Cardiac Catheterization- The Basics Questions And Answers 2024 Cardiac Catheterization (cardiac cath) - ANS-specialized study of the heart in which a catheter is inserted into an artery and/or vein in the patients arm, neck, or groin Indications for cardiac cath - ANS-identification and extent of CAD, evaluation of LV function, assessment of valvular heart disease, assessment of myocardial disease, myocardial biopsy, verify/support non-invasive data, undergo interventions, determine necessity for surgical correction Advantages of cardiac cath - ANS-evaluation and tx of congenital anomalies and cardiac disease states Right heart cath - ANS-collect blood samples to measure oxygen saturation levels, detect/repair shunt, calculate CO, endomyocardial biopsy, pulmonary angiography, measure right heart pressures, measure LA pressure Left heart cath - ANS-LV angiogram, coronary angiogram, intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS), measure left heart pressures, evaluate valvular disease Contraindications for cardiac cath - ANS-severe HTN, ventricular arrhythmias, acute stroke, severe anemia, active GI bleed, allergy to radiographic contrast, acute renal failure Risks for cardiac cath - ANS-bleeding, infection, injury to nerve and/or blood vessel, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac tamponade, low blood pressure, reaction to contrast, kidney damage/failure, stroke, heart attack, death Method most popular for left heart cath - ANS-percutaneous femoral artery approach Method most popular for right heart cath - ANS-femoral vein approach Catheter used in right heart cath - ANS-Swanz-Ganz Catheter used in left heart cath - ANS-pigtail Fluoroscopy (fluoro) - ANS-xray technique with a screen that provides immediate visualization inside the body Best cath technique to evaluate LV function - ANS-LV angiogram Pulmonary embolisms are diagnosed via: - ANS-pulmonary angiography LA pressure is acquired via: - ANS-pulmonary capillary wedge pressure Pressure distal to the pulmonary capillary wedge is the approximate ? pressure - ANS-LA Pressure recorded when the balloon is deflated is the ? pressure - ANS-pulmonary artery Most popular exam performed in the cath lab - ANS-coronary angiogram Occlusion presents as: - ANS-disruption or narrowing of the white line on xray Angioplasty aka - ANS-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PCTA) Angioplasty (or PCTA) - ANS-catheter is placed within the lumen of the coronary artery and the balloon is inflated at the level of the plaque pressing the plaque against the walls of the artery Stent - ANS-small expandable wire tube inserted into the artery where the angioplasty was performed... CONTINUES...