NUR 390 Exam 1 Questions and Answers

What is the best indicator of fluid volume status? Daily Weight Urine specific gravity greater than _____ means urine is concentrated 1.025 Urine specific gravity less than _____ means urine is dilute 1.012 What are the 3 most important labs for fluid volume? Hct, BUN, Na Will Hct, BUN and Na increase or decrease with hypervolemia? Decrease Will Hct, BUN and Na increase or decrease with hypovolemia? Increase Normal urine output 0.5 mL/kg/hr normal skin turgor retraction time 2-3 seconds Clients who are hypovolemic will be.....(3 things) pale, cool, clammy Potassium chloride (KCl) should never be administered via which route? IV push Maximum rate of infusion for potassium? 10 mEq/hr What can be heard on auscultation of the chest in individuals with hypervolemia?Crackles normal albumin range 3.5-5.5 normal BUN range 6-20 normal sodium range 135-145 normal male Hct 41-50% Normal female Hct 36-48% Will HR be increased or decreased in hypovolemia? Increased Will RR be increased or decreased in hypovolemia? Increased What heart sound is heard sometimes in hypervolemia? S3 JVD is observed in.... Hypervolemia Characteristic EKG abnormality indicative of hyperkalemia Tall, peaked T wave characteristic EKG abnormalities (x2) indicative of hypokalemia Flattened T wave, U wave Normal blood pH 7.35-7.45Normal PaCO2 range 35-45 normal HCO3 range 22-26 pH > 7.45 PaCO2 35-45 HCO3 > 26 metabolic alkalosis pH < 7.35 PaCO2 >. 45 HCO3 22-26 respiratory acidosis pH < 7.35 PaCO2 35-45 HCO3 < 22 metabolic acidosis pH 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 HCO3 22-26 Normal ABG values, Homeostasis pH > 7.45 PaCO2 < 35 HCO3 22-26 respiratory alkalosis the process by which the body attempts to correct changes/imbalances in pH levels compensation pH level of the blood returns to normal full compensation