,Organic Chemistry, 8e (Wade)
Chapter 1 Introduction and Review
1) While you were up late one night studying organic chemistry, you happened to see the last 5 minutes
of an infomercial on TV. The spokesperson claimed that their brand of automobile tires were superior to
all other brands on the market because they were made by using only natural rubber, isolated from the
resin of rubber trees. How could a chemist test her claims that no petroleum products went into the
manufacture of her brand of tires?
Answer: Compounds synthesized from petroleum products have a lower content of 14C. Plant-derived
compounds are recently synthesized from CO2 in the air and have a higher 14C content.
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
2) The atomic number of boron is 5. The correct electronic configuration of boron is:
A) 1s22s3
B) 1s22p3
C) 1s22s22p1
D) 2s22p3
E) 1s22s23s1
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
3) How many distinct p orbitals exist in the second electron shell, where n = 2?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
4) The ________ tells us that each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
A) aufbau principle
B) Pauli exclusion principle
C) Hund's rule principle
D) LeChatelier principle
E) uncertainty principle
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
1
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,5) A node is a region of high electron density between the two atoms in a covalent bond.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
6) When filling two or more orbitals of the same energy with electrons, the electrons will go into
different orbitals rather than pair up in the same orbital.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
7) Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ________.
Answer: isotopes
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
8) The electron density of ________ orbitals has spherical symmetry.
Answer: s
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
9) Draw the line energy orbital diagram for the outer shell of an uncharge nitrogen atom and describe the
location and number of unshared electrons.
Answer:
There are three unshared electrons in Shell 2 and they are located in the three degenerate atomic p
orbitals.
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
10) An oxygen atom has ________ valence electrons.
Answer: 6
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
11) Which element in the second row of the periodic table has six valence electrons and a valence of
two?
Answer: oxygen
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
2
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, 12) Orbitals which are equal in energy are referred to as ________.
A) degenerate
B) polar
C) nodes
D) filled
E) nonpolar
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
13) In a carbon atom, the 2s and 2p orbitals are equal in energy.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
14) The element with the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s1 is ________.
Answer: sodium
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
15) Provide the electron configuration of phosphorus.
Answer: 1s22s22p63s23p3
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
16) Draw the shape of a 2p orbital.
Answer:
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
17) Draw a correct Lewis structure for chloromethane, CH3Cl.
Answer:
Diff: 1
Section: 1.4
3
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 1 Introduction and Review
1) While you were up late one night studying organic chemistry, you happened to see the last 5 minutes
of an infomercial on TV. The spokesperson claimed that their brand of automobile tires were superior to
all other brands on the market because they were made by using only natural rubber, isolated from the
resin of rubber trees. How could a chemist test her claims that no petroleum products went into the
manufacture of her brand of tires?
Answer: Compounds synthesized from petroleum products have a lower content of 14C. Plant-derived
compounds are recently synthesized from CO2 in the air and have a higher 14C content.
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
2) The atomic number of boron is 5. The correct electronic configuration of boron is:
A) 1s22s3
B) 1s22p3
C) 1s22s22p1
D) 2s22p3
E) 1s22s23s1
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
3) How many distinct p orbitals exist in the second electron shell, where n = 2?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
4) The ________ tells us that each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
A) aufbau principle
B) Pauli exclusion principle
C) Hund's rule principle
D) LeChatelier principle
E) uncertainty principle
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
1
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
,5) A node is a region of high electron density between the two atoms in a covalent bond.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
6) When filling two or more orbitals of the same energy with electrons, the electrons will go into
different orbitals rather than pair up in the same orbital.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
7) Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ________.
Answer: isotopes
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
8) The electron density of ________ orbitals has spherical symmetry.
Answer: s
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
9) Draw the line energy orbital diagram for the outer shell of an uncharge nitrogen atom and describe the
location and number of unshared electrons.
Answer:
There are three unshared electrons in Shell 2 and they are located in the three degenerate atomic p
orbitals.
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
10) An oxygen atom has ________ valence electrons.
Answer: 6
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
11) Which element in the second row of the periodic table has six valence electrons and a valence of
two?
Answer: oxygen
Diff: 1
Section: 1.2
2
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 12) Orbitals which are equal in energy are referred to as ________.
A) degenerate
B) polar
C) nodes
D) filled
E) nonpolar
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
13) In a carbon atom, the 2s and 2p orbitals are equal in energy.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
14) The element with the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s1 is ________.
Answer: sodium
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
15) Provide the electron configuration of phosphorus.
Answer: 1s22s22p63s23p3
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
16) Draw the shape of a 2p orbital.
Answer:
Diff: 2
Section: 1.2
17) Draw a correct Lewis structure for chloromethane, CH3Cl.
Answer:
Diff: 1
Section: 1.4
3
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
