Labor & Delivery Exam Prep (2023/2024 Update) Study Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct

Labor & Delivery Exam Prep (2023/2024 Update) Study Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct Q: Describe a longitudinal fetal lie. Answer: Head or buttocks of fetus enter pelvis first Q: Describe a transverse fetal lie. Answer: Long axis of baby is at a right angle with the long axis of the mother Q: What are the two "attitudes" of a fetus? Answer: Flexion Extension Q: Describe flexion. Answer: Normal; head, arms, and legs flexed tightly against the body. Smaller diameter than with extension. Q: Describe extension. Answer: Abnormal; head is extended. Larger diameter than with flexion. Increases risk of C - section. Q: What are the different types of fetus presentation? Answer: Cephalic Sacrum/Breech (Frank, Full, Footling) Footling Shoulder Q: Describe cephalic presentation. Answer: Head enters birth canal first (most births; normal.) Q: Describe frank breech. Answer: Fetus is folded in half Q: Describe full breech. Answer: Reversal of normal fetal position; head, hips, and knees flexed but buttocks is presenting. Q: Describe footling breech. Answer: One or both feet are presenting. Increased risk of C - Section. Q: Describe shoulder presentation. Answer: C - section. Transverse lie. Rare. Q: What different things may present in the cephalic presentation? Answer: Flexed Moderate flexion Slight extension Full extension Q: Describe flexed cephalic presentation. Answer: Vertex is presenting; most common; most favorable. Q: Describe moderate flexion cephalic presentation. Answer: Military; sinciput; neutral position; occipitofrontal diameter presenting. Usually temporary. Usually flexes or extends. Q: Describe slight extension cephalic presentation. Answer: Brow; longest supraoccipitomental diameter is presenting. Bruising, swelling may occur on baby's face. Q: Describe full extension cephalic presentation. Answer: Face; submentobregmatic diameter is presenting. Bruising, swelling may occur on baby's face. Q: What is the landmark that determines the fetus position? Answer: Occiput Q: How is position indicated? What are the abbreviations? Answer: Indicated by abbreviations: LOA (left occiput anterior), LOP (left occiput posterior), LOT (left occiput transverse), ROA (right occiput anterior), ROP (right occiput posterior), ROT (right occiput transverse). Q: How do you determine if a fetus' position is anterior, posterior, or transverse? Answer: Determine what quadrant the occiput is in, r/t mom's pelvis. Q: What may occur if the fetus' position is posterior? Answer: Increased back pain for mom; Increased time in labor