US HISTORY All Challenges History (With Answers)

US HISTORY All Challenges History (With Answers)Unit 1 Challenge 1 1. Which of the following statements is true? a.) Historians have a responsibility to merge their own experiences into historical narratives. • b.) The writing of history is influenced by the cultural environment in which it is written. c.) History is best determined through the lenses of politics and economics. • d.) Historical interpretations of past events rarely change over time. 2. Consider the following research question and choose the primary source that is best suited to answer it. "What were the long-term consequences of Japanese internment camps in the United States during World War II?" a.) A high school history textbook published in 1990 • b.) An interview in 2001 with a Japanese American who was confined to a camp c.) A national newscast from 1942 • d.) A documentary about World War II produced by a historian 3. As part of her research on the American Revolution, Bea reads a book about forms of public protest in the 18th century colonies. Which of the following is most likely a lens she is exploring? 1 | P a g ea.) Race b.) Ethics c.) Politics d.) Economics Which native civilization lived in permanent settlements made up of apartment- like complexes of stone and mud? • a.) The Pueblo b.) The Aztec c.) The Olmec • d.) The Hopewell Which of the following historians is collecting oral history? a.) Hajit makes detailed drawings of prehistoric images found on boulders in Minnesota. b.) Hector analyzes one of the first maps made by European explorers. c.) Hope attempts to translate symbols on a pot that she believes were a form of writing. • d.) Helen interviews contemporary Native Americans about their cultural traditions. Which statement is most representative of the French approach toward native peoples in the Americas? a.) "Your territory belongs to us by decree of the Catholic Church." b.) "The natives will submit to the absolute authority of the Crown." c.) 2 | P a g e"Gift exchanges with natives will forge alliances and establish trade relationships." d.) "The natives, although poor, show ingenuity and will welcome friendship with a superior civilization." Which of the following events led to increased maritime exploration in the 15th century? a.) The Crusades of the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries b.) Discoveries by the Vikings c.) The invention of the printing press • d.) Competition between Catholics and Protestants European traders discovered that they could sell chocolate from the New World back home in Europe. Which of the following concepts does this statement best exemplify? a.) Globalization b.) Colonization • c.) Commodification Which of the following statements is true about slavery prior to the Atlantic slave trade? a.) It could involve one person bonding himself to another so as to work off a debt. b.) Slaves were almost always considered to be the property of their masters. c.) 3 | P a g eIt was largely an issue of race, as only people with darker skin could become slaves. d.) A person's religion had no impact on whether he or she could be enslaved. In 1540, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado set out to find the rumored golden city of Quivira. What came of his expedition? a.) Despite a two-year expedition that got as far north as modern-day Kansas, Coronado never found Quivira. b.) Quivira was discovered near present-day Albuquerque, stripped of its wealth and ultimately abandoned. c.) Quivira was found in modern-day Oklahoma, but its wealth had been greatly exaggerated in the rumors. • d.) Coronado's expedition ended prematurely after a particularly brutal winter in the Rocky Mountains. What was a significant factor in the demise of Dutch settlements in the Americas? a.) Internal struggles back in Holland b.) Too few European settlers c.) Territorial disputes with France 4 | P a g e• d.) Conflict with native peoples Interactions between Native Americans and Europeans led to the commercialization of traditional beaver-hunting practices. Which of the following factors played the biggest role in that change? a.) Europeans introduced the concept of private ownership of hunting lands. b.) Europeans introduced capitalism and ideas about success through hard work. c.) Europeans were willing to give Native Americans muskets in exchange for beaver pelts. d.) Europeans brought new animals that made it easier to hunt for beavers. Which of the following statements is characteristic of Martin Luther's position in 1517? a.) "I declare myself to be the head of the Catholic Church in my country." b.) "Individual monarchs have too much power." c.) "Reading scripture prepares people to receive God's grace if they are among the elect." • d.) "The practice of selling indulgences is corrupt and has to stop." What role did European exports play in the Triangular Trade? a.) Guns and gunpowder from Europe were exchanged for sugar in Africa. b.) Slaves would be brought from Europe to the Americas in exchange for textiles, rum and other goods. 5 | P a g ec.) Rum was used to lure Africans into the voyage to America, where they would then be forced into slavery. • d.) Manufactured goods were used to buy African slaves from other Africans who captured them. Which statement is most representative of the French approach toward native peoples in the Americas? a.) "Your territory belongs to us by decree of the Catholic Church." b.) "The natives will submit to the absolute authority of the Crown." c.) "Gift exchanges with natives will forge alliances and establish trade relationships." d.) "The natives, although poor, show ingenuity and will welcome friendship with a superior civilization." "Unlike other colonists, these men and women were motivated by religion and a desire to create a successful community." Which English colony is most likely being described here? • a.) Massachusetts Bay b.) Roanoke c.) Jamestown d.) Virginia Which factor led to the implementation of the Headright System? a.) 6 | P a g eAbundant land and the desire to attract more migrants b.) The desire to equalize opportunity for Englishmen c.) The racialization of slavery in the New World d.) Landowners abusing the system of indentured servitude Which factor led to the creation of a maritime-based economy in the northern colonies? a.) Agricultural surpluses that could be sold in foreign markets b.) Need for slave labor in the northern colonies c.) Religious intolerance in the northern colonies d.) Settlers with diverse backgrounds and tastes in the northern colonies Which of the following societal changes occurred when New Netherlands became New York? a.) Married women could no longer use their own name to do business. b.) Slavery, which had been condemned by the Dutch, was introduced. c.) Colonists of Dutch descent were forcibly exiled back to Europe. • d.) A system of patronage was implemented to distribute land. Which of the following was a source of tension between English colonists and Native Americans? a.) Colonists were envious of Native Americans' agricultural know-how. 7 | P a g eb.) Native Americans took pity on the colonists for their lack of preparedness. c.) Colonists viewed Native Americans as weak and easily conquerable. d.) The growing population in the colonies led to colonists claiming more territory. Consider the excerpt from Robert Johnson's "Nova Britannia" and the possible bias it represents. Which of the following statements most likely identifies Johnson's purpose in writing? a.)Johnson's purpose was to attract people to invest in the Virginia Company and settle in Jamestown. b.)Johnson's purpose was to give investors a carefully constructed idea of how the Virginia Company operated internally. c.)Johnson's purpose was to provide an accurate description of Jamestown for future historians to study. d.)Johnson's purpose was to instruct settlers on how to thrive in Virginia and profit from its resources. Which of the following statements describes the relationship between the English and the Native Americans in the first half of the 18th century? a.) At times the Native Americans traded and even made alliances with the English, but these often led to devastating conflicts. b.) Most English settlers acknowledged Native American rights to the land, but the colonial government refused to acknowledge any such rights. c.) The English suspected that all Native Americans supported the Spanish, so they were reluctant to engage in trade or military alliances. 8 | P a g e• d.) The English settlers saw the Native Americans only as obstacles to be removed. They refused to form alliances with native peoples, even when England was at war with the Spanish or French. Which of the following actions is an example of salutary neglect? a.) A royal governor exercises greater control in local politics than the colonial assembly does. b.) A colonial merchant ships tobacco and cotton grown in the colonies to England. c.) The British parliament exerts greater independence and control over English law. • d.) A New England trader routinely smuggles in raw sugar from the West Indies with no penalties. Which of the following was an effect of the Great Awakening? a.) The establishment of new churches like the Baptists and the Methodists b.) Widespread acceptance that all people are saved and none are damned c.) Women were even more excluded from religious meetings and the life of faith d.) Greater toleration of Catholics and other non-Protestants Which of the following statements reflects the ideas proposed by John Locke? a.) "People should have the power to change their government when it fails to protect their natural rights." b.) "The purpose of government is to provide for its citizens' basic needs, like food and education." c.) 9 | P a g e"Kings have a divine right to rule but also a responsibility to protect the rights of their subjects." • d.) "Governments must follow the one true faith to fully protect man's welfare." Which of the following happened as a result of the French and Indian War? a.) Tensions formed between colonists and British soldiers, who had treated them poorly during the war. b.) Spain lost its colonies in Florida, Cuba and the Philippines to the British, who did not lose anything after the war. c.) The colonists formed a bond with the French, who would later help them gain independence from England. • d.) France retained control of Canada, but Britain gained France's colonies east of the Mississippi River. The diagram of the British slave ship Brookes most directly illustrates what feature of the Atlantic slave trade