NURS 5315- Renal Disorders Test 4 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%

NURS 5315- Renal Disorders Test 4 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%NURS 5315- Renal Disorders Nephrolithiasis - ANSWER also known as kidney stones or renal calculi, is the presence of renal stones within the renal pelvis and/or calyces Risk factors of Nephrolithiasis - ANSWER age, male gender, fluid intake, Caucasian, diet, HTN, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, obesity and DM Type 2 Renal calculi are made up of - ANSWER calcium, struvite, uric acid or cystine (an amino acid found in most proteins) idiopathic hypercalciuria or in the setting of hyperparathyroidism. - ANSWER Calcium stones typically occur from What is the second most common type of renal calculi? - ANSWER Struvite stones The most common type of renal calculi? - ANSWER Calcium stones Struvite stones are made of - ANSWER magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate salts Which stones are the most troubling ones? - ANSWER Struvite stones because they frequently cause complications with intractable urinary tract infections, pain, bleeding, and abscess What are the third most common renal calculi? - ANSWER Uric Acid stones What is the least common type of stone and most commonly occurs in children? - ANSWER Cystine stones What results from the obstruction of the ureter and causes the urine to back up into the kidney? - ANSWER Hydronephrosis and renal failure Gout results from.... - ANSWER an accumulation of uric acid Dehydration's link to the pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis is... - ANSWER unknown High protein diets result in... - ANSWER an increase in purine intake High sodium diet predisposes the individual to... - ANSWER increased calcium excretion and therefore to calcium stone formation Essential HTN has a role in the formation of renal calculi... - ANSWER but the association is not clear. Clinical Manifestations of nephrolithiasis - ANSWER flank pain that radiates to the groin (testicles in men or labia in women), anuria (bilateral obstruction), azotemia (bilateral obstruction), and hematuria.